Medieval Northern Europe
The Roman Period and "Celtic" Shipbuilding
Haywood. Dark Age Naval Power
Ellmers, Detlev. Fruhmittelalterliche Handelsschiffahrt in Mittel- und Nordeuropa
Lehmann, L.Th. "Variations in boatbuilding under the Roman Empire" Carvel Construction Technique Oxbow Monograph # 12
Lewis, A.R. The Northern Seas
Marsden, P. "A Boat of the Roman Period Found at Bruges, Belgium, in 1899, and Related Types" IJNA 5 (1976): 23-55.
Marsden, P. "Celtic Ships of Europe" Sources and Techniques in Boat Archaeology
McGrail, Sean. Ancient Boats in N.W. Europe: The Archaeology of Water Transport to AD 1500
McGrail, Sean. The Brigg 'Raft' and her Prehistoric Environment BAR #89.
Taylor, J. du P. Roman Shipping and Trade: Britain and the Rhine Provinces
Wright, E.V. The North Ferriby Boats. A Guidebook
Roman London
Milne, G. The Port of Roman London
Blackfriars and Bruges Vessels
Marsden, Peter. "A 100-ft First Century Roman Ship, Discovered in the Blackfriar Mud" Illustrated London News (1963).
Marsden, Peter. A Roman Ship from Blackfriars, London
Marsden, Peter. A Ship of the Roman Period from Blackfriars in the City of London
Marsden, Peter. "Celtic Ships of Europe" Sources and Techniques in Boat Archaeology BAR Supp. #29 (1977).
Marsden, Peter. "A Boat of the Roman Period Found at Bruges, Belgium, in 1899, and related Types" IJNA 5 (1976): 23-55.
Marsden, Peter. "A Re-assessment of Blackfriars I" Maritime Celts, Frisians, and Saxons CBA Research Reports 71.
Muckelroy, Keith. Maritime Archaeology The Guernsey Vessel
Rule, Margaret. "The Romano-Celtic ship excavated at St. Peter Port, Guernsey" Maritime Celts, Frisians and Saxons
Swiss Lake Boats of Bevais & Yverdon
Arnold, B. "La barque gallo-romaine de la Baie de Bevaix" Cahiers d'archeologie subaquatine 3: 133-150.
Arnold, B. "The Gallo-Roman boat from the Bay of Bevaix, Lake Neuchatel, Switzerland" IJNA 4: 123-126.
Arnold, B. "Gallo-Roman Boat find in Switzerland" Roman Shipping and Trade
Arnold, B. "Some Remarks on Caulking in Celtic Boat Construction and its Evolution in Areas Lying Northwest of the Alpine Arc" IJNA 6 (1977): 293-297.
Arnold, B. "The heritage of logboats and Gallo-Roman boats of Lake Neuchatel: technology and typology" Maritime Celts, Frisians and Saxons.
Arnold, B. "The Gallo-Roman boat of Bevaix and the bottom based construction" Carvel Construction Technique
Egloff, M. "La Barque de Bevaix, epave gallo-romaine du lac de Neuchatel" Helvetia Archaeologica 19/20 (1974): 82-91.
Taylor. Roman Shipping and Trade: Britain and the Rhine Provinces
Weidmann, D. "La barque romaine d'Yverdon" Helvetia Archeologica 19/20: 66-81.
Mainz Patrol Boats
Hockmann, O. "Late Roman River Craft from Mainz, Germany" Local Boats 23-34.
Hockmann, O. "Keltisch' oder 'romisch'? Bemerkungen zur Typgenese der spatromischen Rudershiffe von Mainz" Jahrbuch des RomischGermanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz 30 (1983) 403-434.
Hockmann, O. "Rheimschiffe aus der Zeit Ammians" Antike Welt 13.3 (1982): 40-47.
Hockmann, O. "Romische Schiffsverbande auf dem Ober- und Mittelrhein und die Verteidigung der Rheingrenze in der Spatantike" Jahrbuch des Romisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz 33 (1986): 369-416.
Hockmann, O. "Spatromische Schifsfunde in Mainz" Archaeologisches Korrespondenzblatt 12 (1982): 231-250.
Rupprecht, G. Die Mainzer Romerschiffe
The Oberstimm Boats
Hockmann, O. "Roman Danube Vessels from Oberstimm, Germany" Tropis II: 2nd International Symposium on Ship Construction in Antiquity.
Hockmann, O. "Roman Danube vessels from Oberstim (Germany) as examples of 'shell-first' construction" in Carvel Construction Technique
Roman River Fleets
Hockmann, O. "Romische Schiffsbverbande auf dem Ober- und Mittelrhein und die Verteidigung der Rheingrenze in der Spatantike" Jahrbuch des Romisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz 33 (1986): 369-416.
The Zammerdam and Other Barges
Boe, G. de "Roman Boats form a Small River Harbour at Pommereuol, Belgium" Roman Shipping and Trade
Lehmann, L. Th. "The Romano-Celtic boats from Druten and Kapel- Avezaath" Maritime Celts, Frisians and Saxons
Rupprecht. Die Mainzer Romerschiffe
Weerd, M.D. de. "Romerzeitliche Transportschiffe und Einbaume aus Nigrum Pullum/Zwammerdam (Z.-H.)" Studien zu den Militargrenzen Roms 2 (1977): 187-198.
Weerd, M.D. de. "Ships of the Roman Period at Zwammerdam/Nigrum, Pullum, Germania Inferior" Roman Shipping and Trade
Weerd, M.D. de. "A Landlubber's View of Shipbuilding Procedure in the Celtic Barges of Zwammerdam, The Netherlands" Local Boats
Weerd, M.D. de. "Barges of the Zwammerdam type and their building procedures" Maritime Celts, Frisians and Saxons
Weerd, M.D. de. "Schepen voor het opschepen" Spiegel Historiael 8 (1973): 386-397.
Roman Coastal Defences: The Litus Saxonicum
Haywood, J. Dark Age Naval Power
Johnson, S. The Roman Forts of the Saxon Shore
Johnston, D.E. The Saxon Shore CBA #18
Welsby, D.A. The Roman Military Defense of the British Provinces in Its Later Phases BAR #101.
White, D.A. Litus Saxonicum
Nydam
Akerlund, H. Nydamskeppen
Blair, Peter Hunter. An Introduction to Anglo-Saxon England
Boehmer, G "Prehistoric Naval Architecture of the North of Europe" U.S. National Museum Report.
Cameron, P.N. "Saxon, sea and sail" IJNA 11.4 (1982) 319-332.
Engelhardt, C. Denmark in the Early Iron Age.
Goodbum, D.M. "Comments on 'Saxon, sea and sail" IJNA 12.2 (1983): 173-174.
Hodgkin, R.H. A History of the Anglo-Saxons
Loyn, H.R. Anglo-Saxon England and the Norman Conquest
Marcus, G.M. "The Nydam Craft and the Anglo-Saxon Invasions" MM 41 (1955): 66.
McGrail, Sean. Ancient Boats in N.W. Europe
Shetelig, H. "Das Nydamschiff" Acta Archaeologica 1 (1980).
The Pattern of the Settlement Bohme, H.W. "Das Ende der Romerherrschaft in Britannien and die angelsachsische Besiedlung Englands im 5.Jahrundert" Jahrbuch des Romisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz 33 (1986): 469- 574.
Gildas. De excidio et conquestu Britanniae
Hodgkin, R.H. A History of the Anglo-Saxons
Myres, J.N.L. The English Settlements
Wood, I. "The Channel from the 4th to the 7th centuries AD" Maritime Celts, Frisians and Saxons.
Anglo-Saxon Britain General Works
Beowulf
The Wanderer
Crumlin-Pederson, Ole. "The Gredstedbro Ship" Acta Archaeologica 39 (1968): 262-267.
Filmer-Sankey, W. "A new boat burial from the Snape Anglo-Saxon cemetery, Suffolk" Maritime Celts, Frisians and Saxons
Goodburn, D.M. "Do We Have Evidence of a Saxon Boatbuilding Tradition?" IJNA 15 (1986): 39-47.
Hodges, R. Dark Age Economics: The Origins of Towns and Trade AD 600-1000.
Sutton Hoo
Bruce-Mitford, Rupert. The Sutton Hoo Ship Burial volumes 1-4.
Bruce-Mitford, Rupert. The Sutton Hoo Ship Burial; A Handbook
Phillips, C.W. "The Excavation of the Sutton Hoo Ship Burial" Antiquaries Journal 20 (1940): 149-202.
Phillips, C.W. "The Sutton Hoo Ship Burial. I. The Excavation" Antiquity 14 (1940): 6-27.
Evans, A.C. "The Sutton Hoo Ship" Three Major Ancient Finds in Britain NMM Monograph #6.
Graveney Fenwick, Valier. The Graveney Boat: A Tenth-Century Find from Kent. The 'Keel'
Ellmers, D. Fruhmittelalterliche Handelsschiffahrt in Mittel- und Nordeuropa: 47-59.
Early Medieval Trade: Regional Emporia
Barnish, S.J.B. "The Transformation of Classical Cities and the Pirenne Debate" Journal of Roman Archaeology 2 (1989): 385- 400.
Hodges, R. "North Sea Trade Before the Vikings" Archaeological Approaches to Medieval Europe.
Hodges, R. Dark Age Economics: The Origins of Towns and Trade AD 600-1000
Hodges, R. Mohammed, Charlemagne and the Origins of Europe: Archaeology and the Pirenne Thesis
Jellema, D. "Frisian Trade in the Dark Ages" Speculum 30 (1955): 15-33.
Dorestad
Es, W.A. van Excavations at Dorestad I. The Harbour:
Hoogstraat 1.
The Port of Hamwih
Hodges, R. The Hamwih Pottery-The Local and Imported Wares from Thirty Years Excavations in Middle Saxon Southampton and Their European Context CBA# 37.
Hodges, R. Dark Age Economics: The Origins of Towns and Trade AD 600-1000 Haithabu
Crumlin-Pederson, Ole. Das Haithabuschiff
Jankuhn, H. Haithabu: Ein Handelsplatz der Wikingerzeit The Kvalsund and Klaastad Vessels
Brogger, A.W. Viking Ships. Their Ancestry and Evolution
Christensen, A.E. "Viking Age Ships and Shipbuilding" Norwegian Archaeological Review 15 (1982) 19-28.
Christensen, A.E. Klaastadskipet
Evans, A. "A Clinker-Built Boats of the North Sea, 300-1000 A.D." A History of Seafaring Based on Underwater Archaeology
Greenhill, B. Archaeology of the Boat: A New Introduction Study
McGrail, Sean. Ancient Boats in N.W. Europe: The Archaeology of Water Transport to A.D. 1500
McGrail, Sean. "Further Aspects of Viking Age Boatbuilding" Archaeology of the Boat: A New Introductory Study
Mollet, M. "Les marins et la guerre sur mer dans le Nord et l'Ouest de l'Europe jusqu'au XIIe siecle" Ordinamenti militari in Occidente
Muller-Wille. "Boat Graves in Northern Europe" IJNA 3 (1974): 187-204.
Shetelig, Haakon. Scandanavian Archaeology
Shetelig, Haakon. Kvalsundfundet: Og Andre Norske Myrfund Av Fartoier Oseberg
Brogger, A.W. Osebergfundet
Brogger, A.W. The Viking Ships
Christensen, A.E. A Guide to the Viking Ship Museum Gokstad
Atkinson, Ian. The Viking Ships
Dammann, W. Das Gokstadschiff und seine Boote
Nicolaysen, Nicolay. Langskibet fra Gokstad
Nicolaysen, Nicolay. The Viking Ship Discovered at Gokstad in Norway
Sjovold, Thorleif. The Viking Ships in Oslo
Throckmorton, Peter. The Sea Remembers
Skuldelev
Atkinson, I. The Viking Ships
Binns, Alan. "The Ships of the Vikings, were they "Viking Ships"?" Proceedings of Eighth Viking Congress (1981)
Crumlin-Pederson, Ole. "Viking shipbuilding and Seamanship" Proceedings of Eighth Viking Congress(1981)
Crumlin-Pederson, Ole. Aspects of Maritime Scandinavia: AD 200- 1200
Crumlin-Pederson, Ole. "Viking Shipbuilding and Seamanship" Proceedings of the Eight Viking Congress (1977)
Magnusson, Magnus. Vikings!
Olsen, Olaf. Five Viking Ships from Roskilde Fjord
Olsen, Olaf. "The Skuldelev Ships" Acta Archaeologica 38 (1967: 73-174.
Olsen, Olaf. "The Skuldelev Ships (II)" Acta Archaeologica (1968)" 73-174.
Vikings: Expansion and Colonization
Roesdahl. Viking Age Denmark
The British Isles: The Danelaw and Alfred the Great
Blair, Peter Hunter. An Introduction to Anglo-Saxon England
Duckett, Eleanor Shipley. Alfred the Great
Hart, Cyril. The Danelaw
Keynes, Simon. Alfred the Great
Iceland
Byock, J.L. Medieval Iceland: Society, Sagas, and Power
Jones, G. The Norse Atlantic Saga
Thorgilsson, A. Islendingabokfrom Islandica
Landnamabok
Normandy
Bachrach, B.S. "On the Origins of William the Conqueror's Horse Transports" Technology and Culture 26 (1985)" 505-531.
Grainge, C. "The Pevensey Expedition: Brilliantly Executed Plan or near Disaster" MM 79.3 (1993): 261-273.
Lindsay, J. The Normans and their World
Jones, G. A History of the Vikings
Poly, J.P. The Feudal Transformation 900-1200
Roesdahl, E. The Vikings
Rowley, T. The Norman Heritage 1055-1200
Rud, M. The Bayeaux Tapestry
Vinland
Christensen, A.E. "Test Excavations of the boat-sheds" Discovery of a Norse Settlement in America
Ingstad, A.S. "The Norse settlement at l'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland: A preliminary report from the excavations 1961- 1968" Acta Archaeologica 41 (1970): 109-156.
Ingstad, A.S. "Vinland Ruins Prove Vikings Found the New World" National Geographic 126.5 (1964): 708-734.
Mowat, Farley. Westviking: The Ancient Norse in Greenland and North America
Navigation
Binns, A.L. "Hull:sun navigation in the Viking Age, and the Canterbury portable sundial" Acta Archaeologica 42 (1971): 23- 34.
Gelsinger, B.E. "Notes- the Norse 'Day Sailing'" MM 56 (1970): 107-109.
Marcus, G.J. "The Navigation of the Norsemen" MM 39 (1953): 112- 131.
Morcken, R. "Norse Nautical Units and Distance Measurements" MM 42 (1966): 393-401
Viking Sails and Rigging
Christensen A.E. "Viking Age Rigging, A Survey of Sources and Theories" The Archaeology of Medieval Ships and Harbours in Northern Europe
Cottell, G.A. "The Gokstad Viking Ship: Some New Theories Concerning the Purpose of Certain of its Constructional Features" MM 70 (1984) 129-142.
Gillmer, T. "The Capability of the Single Square Sail Rig-A Technical Assessment" The Archaeology of Medieval Ships and Harbours in Northern Europe
Lindow, J. "Sailing and Interpreting the Ships on the Gotland Stones" The American Neptune 53 (1993): 39-50.
Roberts, O.T.P. "A Comparison of Sail Control Methods in Second Century BC Egypt and in Viking Gotland" MM 73 (1987): 87-89.
Roberts, O.T.P. "Shroudless in Scandinavia?" IJNA 19(1990): 123-128.
Roberts, O.T.P. "The Bayeux Tapestry Sails" MM 68 (1982): 76-77 and MM (1981): 287-288.
Sleewswyk, A.W. "Different Functions of Hand Reefs on Nordic Square Sails" MM 67 (1981): 288-289.
Sleeswyk, A.W. "The Ship of Harold Godwinson" MM 67 (1981): 87-91 and notes in MM 67 (1981): 287-289 and MM 68 (1982): 76-77.
Lindow, J. "Sailing and interpreting the ships on the Gotland stones" The American Neptune53 (1993): 39-50.
Performance of Viking Ships
Crumlin-Pederson, Ole. "Comment on Museum Report: The Viking Ship Museum, Roskilde (IJNA 16:358-352)" IJNA 17 (1988): 270-271.
Crumlin-Pederson, Ole. Sailing into the Past
McGrail, Sean. The Building and Trials of the Replica of an Ancient Boat: The Gokstad Faering
McGrail, Sean. "Aspects of Experimental Boat Archaeology" Sources and Techniques in Boat Archaeology Naval Tactics of the Vikings
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles
Janzen, A. "Naval Strategy in Twelfth-Century Scandinavia" Scandinavian Studies
Mollat, M. "Les marins et la guerre sur mer dans le Nord et l'Ouest de l'Europe jusqu'au XIIe siecle" Ordinamenti militari in Occidente (1967).
Rodgers, W.L. Naval Warfare Under Oars 4th to 16th Centuries
Sturluson, S. Helmskringla: History of the Kings of Norway
Franks, Frisians, and Trade in the First Millennium
Barnish, S.J.B. "The Transformation of Classical Cities and the Pirenne Debate" Journal of Roman Archaeology 2 (1989): 385- 400.
McGrail, Sean. Maritime Celts, Frisians and Saxons
Hodges, R. "Frisians and Franks: Argonauts of the Dark Ages" Archaeology 37.1 (1984): 26-31.
Jellema, D. "Frisian Trade in the Dark Ages" Speculum 30 (1955): 15-33. Carolingian Naval Policy
Bachrach, B.S. "On the Origins of William the Conqueror's Horse Transports" Technology and Culture 26 (1985): 505-531.
Gerberding, Richard A. The Rise of the Carolingians
Haywood Dark Age Naval Power
Lewis, Archibald. "Byzantium as an Integral Part of European Christendom: Political and Military Factors, 568-1204 A.D." The Sea and Medieval Civilizations. Vaiorum Reprints, 1978.
McKitterick, Rosamond. The Frankish Kingdoms Under the Carolingians: 751-987 The Fossa Carolina
Ellmers, D. Fruhmittelalterliche Handelsschiffahrt in Mittel- und Nordeuropa
Haywood, J. Dark Age Naval Power Dorestad
Es, W.A. van. Excavations at Dorestad 1.The Harbour: Hoogstraat 1 Haithabu
Crulin-Pedersen, Ole Das Haithabuschiff
Hodges, R. Mohammed, Charlemagne, and the Origins of Europe
Jankuhn, H. Haithabu: Ein Handelsplatz der Wikingerzeit
Randsborg, K. The Viking Age in Denmark
The Hansa; Origins, Structure, and Competition
Barraclough, G. The Origins of Modern Germany
Bernard, J. Navires et gens de mer a Bordeaux [partially translated by TAMU students]
Boxer, C.R. The Dutch Seaborne Empire, 1600-1800
Dollinger, P. The German Hanse
Hocker, Frederick. "Cogge en coggeschip: Late Trends in Cog Development" Bouwtraditie en Scheepstype
Heinsius, P. Das Schiff der hansischen Fruhzeit
Lewis. The Northern Seas
Ramsay, G.D. English Overseas Trade during the Centuries of Emergence.
Reinders, Reinder. Cog Finds from the IJsselmeerpolders
Scammel, G.V. The World Encompassed: The first European maritime empires c.800-1650
Schildahauer. The Hanse
Unger. The Ship in the Medieval Economy
Novgorod
Dawson, H.R. Ellis. The Viking Road to Byzantium
Grey, Ian. The Horizon History of Russia
Jordan, Robert "When the Rus Invaded Russia: Viking Trail East" National Geographic 167.3 (Mar 1985).
Karger, M. Novgorod the Great
Kolchin, B.A. Wooden Artifacts from Medieval Novgorod BAR 495
Mongait, A.L. Archaeology in the USSR Bryggen and Kalmar I
Aakerlund, Harald. Fartygsfynden I den Forna Hamnen I Kalmar
Brogger and Shetelig. The Viking Ships
Herteig, Asbjorn E. The Bryggen Papers Main Series-Volume I.
Cogs
Heinsium P. Das Schiff der hansischen Fruhzeit
Hocker, F. "Cogge en Coggenschip: Late Trends in Cog Development" Bouwtraditie en Scheepstype
Reinders, H.R. Cog Finds from the Ijsselmeerpolders
Origins of the Cogs
Crumlin-Pedersen, Ole. From Viking Ships to Hanseatic Cogs
Ellmers, Detlev. Fruhmittelalterliche Handelschiffahrt
Ellmers, D. "The Cog of Bremen and Related Boats" The Archaeology of Medieval Ships and Harbours in Northern Europe
Ellmers, D. "The Cog of Bremen and Related Boats" Medieval Ships and Harbors in Northern Europe
Ellmers, D. "The History of the Cog as a Ship Type" The Hanse Cog of 1380
Hocker, Frederick. The Development of a Bottom-based Shipbuilding Tradition in Northwestern Europe and the New World
Marsden, Peter. "A Boat of the Roman Period Found at Bruges Belgium in 1899, and related Types" IJNA 5 (1976) 23-55.
Olechnowitz, K.F. Der Schiffbau der hansichen Spatzeit The Bremen Cog
Abel, H. Die Bremer Hanse-Kogge
Crumlin-Pedersen, O. "The Vikings and the Hanseatic Merchants: 900-1450" History of Seafaring
Damman, Werner. "Die Bremer Kogge in Kiel" Das Logbuch 25 (1989): 95-108.
Dollinger, P. The German Hansa
Ellmers, D. "The Cog of Bremen and Related Boats" The Archaeology of Medieval Ships and Harbours in Northern Europe BAR S66.
Fliedner, S. The Cog of Bremen
Greenhill, B. Archaeology of the Boat
Heinsius, P. Das Schiff de Hansischen Fruhzeit
Kiedel, K.P. Die Hanse-Kogge von 1380
Kiedel, K.P. The Hanse Cog of 1380
McGrail, Sean. The Ship. Rafts, Boats and Ships from Prehistoric Times to he Medieval Era.
McGrail, Sean. Ancient Boats in N.W. Europe. The Archaeology of Water Transport to AD 1500
Olechnowitz, K.F. Der Schiffbau der hansichen Spatzeit
Reinders, R. "Cog finds from the Ijsselmeerpolders" Flevobericht #248.
NZ 43, A Cog-like Vessel from the Zuiderzee Moortel, A. van de. A Cog-Like Vessel from the Netherlands [both A&M Thesis and as a Flevobericht(1992)] Danish Cogs
Crumlin-Pederson, Ole. "Danish Cog Finds" Archaeology of Medieval Ships and Harbours in Northern Europe
Crumlin-Pederson, Ole. "Cog-Kogge-Kaag. Traek af en frisisk skibstypes historie" Handels- & Sofartsmuseet pa Kronburg, aarbog 1965.
Crumlin-Pederson, Ole. "Kogen med Guldskatten" Skalk 6: 9-15.
Ellmmers, Detlev. "Fruhmittelalterliche Handelsschiffahrt" Mittel- und Nordeuropa, Schriften des Deutschen Schifahrtsmuseum #3.
Heinsius, P. Das Schiff der hansischen Fruhzeit The Binnenweg
Ketner, F. "Amsterdam in de binnenvaart door Holland in de 15e eeuw." Bijdragen voor Vaderlandsche Geschiedenis en oudheidkunde 8th series 4 (1943): 169-200.
Ketner, F. Handel en Scheepvart van Amsterdam in de Vijftiende Eeuw.
Petri, F. "Die Stellung der Sudersee- und IJsselstadte im Flandersich-Hansischen Raum" Hansische Geschichtblatter 79 (1961): 34-57.
Smit, H.J. "Het Kamper pondtolregister van 1439-1441" Economisch-Historisch Jaarboek 5 (1919): 209-295.
Unger, W.S. De Tol van Iersekeroord
Vaughan, R. Valois Burgundy
The Utrecht Boat Philipsen, J.P.W. "The Utrecht Ship" MM 51: 35-46.
Vlek, Robert. The Mediaeval Utrecht Boat: the history and evaluation of one of the first nautical archaeological excavations and reconstructions in the Low Countries BAR 382 (1987).
Cog-Like Vessels and Canal Boats
Hocker, Frederick. The Development of a Bottom Based Shipbuilding Tradition in Northwestern Europe and the New World
Reinders, H.R. Drie Schepen uit de late middeleeuwen Flevobericht #166.
Reinders, Reinder. Shipwrecks of the Zuiderzee Flevobericht #197.
Prams
Ellmers, D. Fruhmittelalterliche Handelsschiffahrt
Ebersdorf Model
Christensen, A.W. "A Medieval Ship Model" IJNA 16 (1987): 69-70.
Steusloff. "Das Eberdorfer Koggenmodell von 1400" Deutsche Schifahrtsarchiv 6 (1983): 189-207 with English Translation.
Oost Flevoland U 34
Reinders, Reinder. Mittelalterliche Schiffsfunde in den Ijsselmeerpoldern (With English Translation).
Oosting, Robert. "Mittelalterliche Schiffsfunde in den Ijsselmeerpolders" [Translated by F. Hocker] Wilhelmshavener Tage Nr. 2: Landliche und stadtische Kustensiedlungen im ersten und zweiten Jahrtausend (1989).
Hulks
Ellmers, Detlev. Fruhmittelalterliche Handelsschiffahrt
Greenhill, B. Archaeology of the Boat: A new introductory Story
Heinsius, P. Das Schiff der hansischen Fruhzeit
Reinders, Reinder. Mittelalterliche Schiffsfunde in den IJsselmeerpolders Flevobericht
Steusloff, W. "Das Eberdorfer Koggenmodell von 1400" Deutsche Schiffahrtsarchiv 6 (1983): 189:-207 with an English Translation. Grace Dieuand the Lancastrian Navy
Anderson, R.C. "The Burlsedon Ship" MM 20 (1934): 158-170.
Prynne, M.W. "Annual Lecture of the Society for Nautical Research: Henry V's Grace Dieu" MM 54.2 (1968): 115-128.
Rose, Susan. The Navy of the Lancastrian Kings: Accounts and Inventories of William Soper, Keeper of the King's Ships 1422- 1427 NRS# 1982.
Turner, W.F. "The Building of the Grace Dieu, Valentine and Falconer at Southampton, 1416-1420" MM 40.1 (1954): 55-72. The Gdansk Copper Wreck
Litwin, J. "The Copper Wreck: The Wreck of a Medieval Ship Raised by the Central Maritime Museum in Gdansk, Poland" IJNA 9 (1980): 217-226. The Aber W'rach Wreck
Aakerland, H. Fartygsfunden i den Forna Hamnen i Kalmar
l'Hour, M. "A Mid-15th Century Clinker Boat Off the North Coast of France, the Aber Wrach'h I Wreck: A Preliminary Report" IJNA 18 (1989): 285-298.
Navigation in the Middle Ages and the Advances of the Fifteenth Century
Bang, N.E. Tabeller over skibsfart og varetransport gennem Oresund, 1497-1660 Volume 1.
Cline, D.A. Navigation in the Age of Discovery, an introduction
Lane, F.C. "The Economic Meaning of the Invention of the Compass" American Historical Review 48 (1963): 605-617.
Marcus, G.J. "The Navigation of the Norsemen" MM 39 (1953): 112- 131.
Morcken, R. "Norse Nautical Units and Distance Measurements" MM 42 (1966): 393-401.
Taylor, E.G.R. The Haven-Finding Art
Waters, D.W. Science and the Techniques of navigation in the Renaissance NMM Monograph #19. The Sound Toll of 1497
Bang, Nina Ellinger Tabeller over Skibsfart og Varetransport gennem Oresund: 1497-1660
The Rise of Holland
Ketner, F. Handel en scheepvaart van Amsterdam in de vijftiend eeuw.