Rigging Chronology
From NAPwiki
(Difference between revisions)
| Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
|3500 c. BC | |3500 c. BC | ||
|First depiction of a sail (square) | |First depiction of a sail (square) | ||
| − | |[[File:First Depiction of Sail Casson14-11.jpg] | + | |[[File:First Depiction of Sail Casson14-11.jpg]] |
|Egypt - Pot from the Gerzean period. Probably not Egyptian, as the ship has high prow and stern, looking more like Mesopotamian | |Egypt - Pot from the Gerzean period. Probably not Egyptian, as the ship has high prow and stern, looking more like Mesopotamian | ||
|Bass 1972, 12-13 | |Bass 1972, 12-13 | ||
| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
|2450 c. BC | |2450 c. BC | ||
|Seagoing ships with hogging trusses and bipod masts | |Seagoing ships with hogging trusses and bipod masts | ||
| − | |[[File:2450BC_Casson22-17.jpg] | + | |[[File:2450BC_Casson22-17.jpg]] |
|Egypt - Relief in Sahure pyramid. | |Egypt - Relief in Sahure pyramid. | ||
|Casson 1994, 22 | |Casson 1994, 22 | ||
| Line 52: | Line 52: | ||
|1900 c. BC | |1900 c. BC | ||
|Pole mast stepped amidships | |Pole mast stepped amidships | ||
| − | |[[File:1900BC_Casson20-16.jpg] | + | |[[File:1900BC_Casson20-16.jpg]] |
|Egypt | |Egypt | ||
|Casson 1994, 20 | |Casson 1994, 20 | ||
| Line 64: | Line 64: | ||
|1400 c. BC | |1400 c. BC | ||
|Round ships. Sails still have booms. | |Round ships. Sails still have booms. | ||
| − | |[[File:1400BC_Casson37-30.jpg] | + | |[[File:1400BC_Casson37-30.jpg]] |
|Egypt - Painting in tomb in Thebes | |Egypt - Painting in tomb in Thebes | ||
|Casson 1994, 37 | |Casson 1994, 37 | ||
| Line 76: | Line 76: | ||
|510 c. BC | |510 c. BC | ||
|Brails | |Brails | ||
| − | |[[File:510BC_Casson45-36.jpg] | + | |[[File:510BC_Casson45-36.jpg]] |
|Athenian cup in the British Museum | |Athenian cup in the British Museum | ||
|Casson 1994, 44-46 | |Casson 1994, 44-46 | ||
| Line 106: | Line 106: | ||
|100's | |100's | ||
|Lateen rig | |Lateen rig | ||
| − | |[[File:100s_lateen2ndCasson118.jpg] | + | |[[File:100s_lateen2ndCasson118.jpg]] |
|Tombstone found in the Piraeus, now in Athens, dated to the 2nd century. | |Tombstone found in the Piraeus, now in Athens, dated to the 2nd century. | ||
|Casson 1994, 118 | |Casson 1994, 118 | ||
| Line 112: | Line 112: | ||
|200 c. | |200 c. | ||
|Sprit rig | |Sprit rig | ||
| − | |[[File:100s_lateen2ndCasson118.jpg] | + | |[[File:100s_lateen2ndCasson118.jpg]] |
|Tombstone, Istanbul | |Tombstone, Istanbul | ||
|Casson 1994, 116 | |Casson 1994, 116 | ||
| Line 118: | Line 118: | ||
|200 c. | |200 c. | ||
|Leather sail? | |Leather sail? | ||
| − | |[[File:200AD_Leather_Casson135-100.jpg] | + | |[[File:200AD_Leather_Casson135-100.jpg]] |
|Relief in the Rheinisches Landesmuseum, Trier, Germany. Battens suggest a leather sail. | |Relief in the Rheinisches Landesmuseum, Trier, Germany. Battens suggest a leather sail. | ||
|Casson 1994, 135 | |Casson 1994, 135 | ||
| Line 130: | Line 130: | ||
|500 c. | |500 c. | ||
|Tantura A Shipwreck | |Tantura A Shipwreck | ||
| − | |[[File:500AD_TanturaA-K338.jpg] | + | |[[File:500AD_TanturaA-K338.jpg]] |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 136: | Line 136: | ||
|510 c. | |510 c. | ||
|Square sail | |Square sail | ||
| − | |[[File:510AD_504-526SantApollinareNuovo.jpg ] | + | |[[File:510AD_504-526SantApollinareNuovo.jpg ]] |
|Last representation of a square sail in the Mediterranean. Dated to 504-526. Church of Sant Apollinare Nuovo. Ravena. | |Last representation of a square sail in the Mediterranean. Dated to 504-526. Church of Sant Apollinare Nuovo. Ravena. | ||
|Casson 1994 | |Casson 1994 | ||
| Line 172: | Line 172: | ||
|850 c. | |850 c. | ||
|Square sails in the Mediterranean? | |Square sails in the Mediterranean? | ||
| − | |[[File:850AD_Carolingianshipc850.jpg ] | + | |[[File:850AD_Carolingianshipc850.jpg ]] |
|Representations of a square sails in Carolingian manuscripts. | |Representations of a square sails in Carolingian manuscripts. | ||
|Haywood 1999, 180 and Cassagnes-Brouquet 2003, 28-29.(1) | |Haywood 1999, 180 and Cassagnes-Brouquet 2003, 28-29.(1) | ||
| Line 214: | Line 214: | ||
|1150-1200 | |1150-1200 | ||
|Central rudder: iconography | |Central rudder: iconography | ||
| − | |[[File:1150AD_Casson153-114.jpg] | + | |[[File:1150AD_Casson153-114.jpg]] |
|Relief Winchester Cathedral | |Relief Winchester Cathedral | ||
|Casson 1994, 153 | |Casson 1994, 153 | ||
| Line 220: | Line 220: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| − | |[[File:Squaresail01-bellabarba.jpg] | + | |[[File:Squaresail01-bellabarba.jpg]] |
|Earliest representation of a square sail in the Mediterranean after the 5th century. Church in Pec. | |Earliest representation of a square sail in the Mediterranean after the 5th century. Church in Pec. | ||
|Bellabarba | |Bellabarba | ||
| Line 268: | Line 268: | ||
|1310-1350 | |1310-1350 | ||
|Painting by Paolo Veneziano w/ skeleton first | |Painting by Paolo Veneziano w/ skeleton first | ||
| − | |[[File:1310AD_Casson31-23.jpg] | + | |[[File:1310AD_Casson31-23.jpg]] |
| | | | ||
|Bash 1972, fig. 12 | |Bash 1972, fig. 12 | ||
| Line 274: | Line 274: | ||
|1300-1325 | |1300-1325 | ||
|Culip VI Shipwreck | |Culip VI Shipwreck | ||
| − | |[[File:Culip_vi.jpg] | + | |[[File:Culip_vi.jpg]] |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 280: | Line 280: | ||
|1336-1338 | |1336-1338 | ||
|Quadra-latina | |Quadra-latina | ||
| − | |[[File:1336quadralatina-bellabarba01.jpg] | + | |[[File:1336quadralatina-bellabarba01.jpg]] |
|Painting "dal Buon Governo" by Ambrosio Lorenzetti, in the Pinacoteca di Siena. | |Painting "dal Buon Governo" by Ambrosio Lorenzetti, in the Pinacoteca di Siena. | ||
|Bellabarba 1999, 85 | |Bellabarba 1999, 85 | ||
| Line 328: | Line 328: | ||
|1409 | |1409 | ||
|Foremast in Catalonian drawing: first representation of a three-masted, ship-rigged ship | |Foremast in Catalonian drawing: first representation of a three-masted, ship-rigged ship | ||
| − | |[[File:1409_-_catalonian_3-masted.jpg] | + | |[[File:1409_-_catalonian_3-masted.jpg]] |
| | | | ||
|Mott 1997, 146 | |Mott 1997, 146 | ||
| Line 364: | Line 364: | ||
|1425 c. | |1425 c. | ||
|Portuguese three-masted ship | |Portuguese three-masted ship | ||
| − | |[[File:1425c-3masts-landstrom.jpg] | + | |[[File:1425c-3masts-landstrom.jpg]] |
|Deep plate, possibly made in Spain. Victoria and Albert Museum. | |Deep plate, possibly made in Spain. Victoria and Albert Museum. | ||
|Landstrom | |Landstrom | ||
Revision as of 16:08, 21 January 2011
This is a basic rigging chronology that is currently under construction.
| Date | Event | Image | Comment | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50,000 BC | Colonization of Australia | Archaeological finds | Bellwood 1979, 38-43. | |
| 11,000 BC | Sailing in the Mediterranean | Obsidian from Melos in SE Peloponnese Franchthi Cave | Cherry 1990, 193. | |
| 3500 c. BC | First depiction of a sail (square) | 
|
Egypt - Pot from the Gerzean period. Probably not Egyptian, as the ship has high prow and stern, looking more like Mesopotamian | Bass 1972, 12-13 |
| 3000 c. BC | Stone buildings and plank boats | Egypt | Casson 1994, 15 | |
| 2500 c. BC | Rowing and tiller bar | Egypt | Casson 1994, 19 | |
| 2450 c. BC | Seagoing ships with hogging trusses and bipod masts | 
|
Egypt - Relief in Sahure pyramid. | Casson 1994, 22 |
| 2000 c. BC | Low aspect sail | Egypt | Casson 1994, 36 | |
| 1900 c. BC | Pole mast stepped amidships | 
|
Egypt | Casson 1994, 20 |
| 1500 c. BC | Seagoing ships with pole masts | [[File:1500BC_Casson24-18.jpg]|thumb|] | Egypt - Hatshepsut tomb relief | Casson 1994, 24 |
| 1400 c. BC | Round ships. Sails still have booms. | 
|
Egypt - Painting in tomb in Thebes | Casson 1994, 37 |
| 1190 c. BC | Loose-footed square sail | Relief on the temple of Ramses III. | Casson 1994, 24 | |
| 510 c. BC | Brails | 
|
Athenian cup in the British Museum | Casson 1994, 44-46 |
| 480 c. BC | Artemon mast | 480BC_Casson46-38.jpg | Etruscan tomb in Tarquinia | Casson 1994, 44-46 |
| 400's BC | Large merchantmen: ten-thousenders | Greece | Casson 1994, 121 | |
| 230 c. BC | Syracuse: three masts | Description by Atheneus | Casson 1994, 122 | |
| Sails (leather): ships of the Veneti | ||||
| 100's | Lateen rig | 
|
Tombstone found in the Piraeus, now in Athens, dated to the 2nd century. | Casson 1994, 118 |
| 200 c. | Sprit rig |
|
Tombstone, Istanbul | Casson 1994, 116 |
| 200 c. | Leather sail? | 
|
Relief in the Rheinisches Landesmuseum, Trier, Germany. Battens suggest a leather sail. | Casson 1994, 135 |
| 400 c. | Yassiada II Shipwreck | [[File:400AD_ya4-398.jpg]|thumb|] | ||
| 500 c. | Tantura A Shipwreck | 
|
||
| 510 c. | Square sail | 
|
Last representation of a square sail in the Mediterranean. Dated to 504-526. Church of Sant Apollinare Nuovo. Ravena. | Casson 1994 |
| 600-625 | St. Gervais II Shipwreck | |||
| 625 c | Yassiada I | |||
| sec IX | Two-masted lateener | Representation in Greek manuscript | Carbonell Relat s/d, 28 | |
| 800 c. | Tantura F Shipwreck | |||
| 850 c. | Sails (square) in Viking ships: Gokstad Ship | Casson 1994, 147 | ||
| 850 c. | Square sails in the Mediterranean? | 
|
Representations of a square sails in Carolingian manuscripts. | Haywood 1999, 180 and Cassagnes-Brouquet 2003, 28-29.(1) |
| 874 c. | Bozburun Shipwreck | |||
| 900 c. | Agay A Shipwreck | |||
| 900 c. | Agay B Shipwreck | |||
| 900 c. | Bateguier Shipwreck | |||
| 115... | Central rudder: Kolerup cog | |||
| 1025 c. | Serçe Limani Shipwreck | |||
| 1150-1200 | Central rudder: iconography | 
|
Relief Winchester Cathedral | Casson 1994, 153 |
|
Earliest representation of a square sail in the Mediterranean after the 5th century. Church in Pec. | Bellabarba | ||
| First mention of a caravel - Genoa | Ciciliot 2005 | |||
| Carracks with two masts | Alfonso X, Las siete partidas | Carbonell Relat s/d, 28 | ||
| FIRST COCCHE iconography? | ||||
| 1200's | three-masted lateener | "St. Mark approaching Egypt", mosaic, Basilica of St. Mark, Venice. | Casson 1964, 78 | |
| 1226 | Mention of a caravel in Portugal | Foral de Gaia? | Elb 1986, 546 | |
| 1438 | Caravels built for the king of Burgundy | Paviot 1989, 309 | ||
| 1300 c. | Contarina I Ship | |||
| 1310-1350 | Painting by Paolo Veneziano w/ skeleton first | 
|
Bash 1972, fig. 12 | |
| 1300-1325 | Culip VI Shipwreck | 
|
||
| 1336-1338 | Quadra-latina | 
|
Painting "dal Buon Governo" by Ambrosio Lorenzetti, in the Pinacoteca di Siena. | Bellabarba 1999, 85 |
| c. 1350 | The word carrack appears in the North, referring to the cocche. | Friel 1995, 159 | ||
| 1353 | Catalonian contract mentioning a quadra-latina | Friel 1995, 158 | ||
| 1367 | Iconography of a quadra-latina | Friel 1995, 158 | ||
| 1300-1350 | Bonnets | Friel 1995, 159 | ||
| 1350 c. | Les Sorres X shipwreck | |||
| 1400 | Flanders: coca with three rudders (1 central and 2 lateral ones) | Carbonell Relat s/d, 29 | ||
| 1400 c. | Logonovo Ship | |||
| 1409 | Foremast in Catalonian drawing: first representation of a three-masted, ship-rigged ship | 
|
Mott 1997, 146 | |
| 1410 | First quadra-latina in England: a Genoese carrack captured by pirates, Sancta Maria & Sancta Brigida | Friel 1995, 159 | ||
| 1416 | Balinger Anne, built w/ two masts in England | Friel 1995, 159 | ||
| 1416-1418 | Grace Dieu built (w/ 3 masts?) | Friel 1995, 159 | ||
| Carvel in England | ||||
| 1425 | Northern ship with two masts | Salterio? Of Henry V of England | ||
| 1425 c. | Portuguese three-masted ship | 
|
Deep plate, possibly made in Spain. Victoria and Albert Museum. | Landstrom |
| 1435 | Foremast in N. Europe | Friel 1995, 160 | ||
| 1441 | Flanders: two Llenys with three rudders (1 central and 2 lateral ones) | Carbonell Relat s/d, 29 | ||
| 1450 | Flanders: Caravel with three rudders (1 central and 2 lateral ones) | Carbonell Relat s/d, 29 | ||
| 1453 | Flanders: Caravel with three rudders (1 central and 2 lateral ones) | Carbonell Relat s/d, 29 | ||
| 1459 | Flanders: Caravel with three rudders (1 central and 2 lateral ones) | Carbonell Relat s/d, 29 | ||
| 1463 | Flanders: one Barca with three rudders (1 central and 2 lateral ones) | Carbonell Relat s/d, 29 | ||
| 1465 | Flanders: Lleny with three rudders (1 central and 2 lateral ones) | Carbonell Relat s/d, 29 | ||
| 1465 c. | Main Topmast | 
|
Italian engraving dated to 1470-1480. | Friel 1995, 160 |
| 1465 c. | Spritsail yard | Friel 1995, 160 | ||
| 1470 's, late | Bonaventure mast and outrigger | Friel 1995, 160 | ||
| 1475 c. | Stern panel in painting in Catalonia | Church of San Pedro de Zumaia | Casado Soto 1995, 40 | |
| 1492 | Columbus arrives in America | |||
| 1495 c. | Foretopmast - Regent | Friel 1995, 170 | ||
| 1495 c | Main topgallant - Regent | Friel 1995, 170 | ||
| 1498 | Vasco da Gama arrives in India | |||
| 1500 c. | Gun ports | Bass 1972, | ||
| 1510 | Mary Rose built | Friel 1995, 170 | ||
| 1514 c. | Mizzen topmast | Henry Grace a Dieu | Friel 1995, 170 | |
| 1514 c. | Mizzen topgallant | Henry Grace a Dieu | Friel 1995, 170 | |
| 1514 c. | Bonaventure topmast | Henry Grace a Dieu | Friel 1995, 170 | |
| 1550 c. | Contarina I ship | |||
| 1600 c. | Mast on bowsprit |
