ANTH 313 - Period II: Trade Wares

EVOLUTION OF ENGLISH HOUSEHOLD TABLEWARE

PERIOD I

PERIOD II

PERIOD II

PERIOD III

PERIOD IV

PERIOD V

PERIOD VI

(pre 1600)

(1600-1740)

Tradewares

(1740-1765)

(1765-1770)

(1770-1820)

(1820s-1900s)

PERIOD II (continued):
TRADE WARES

SPANISH OLIVE JAR

throughout 16th - 19th centuries

soft, buff body; early styles are usually lead glazed on interior (olive green to brown in color); later types can be glazed on both the interior and exterior; thin white, exterior slip also common on earlier styles

body and neck shape changed through time; example shown opposite is a later style (ring neck, no handles; see below for range of styles)

generally used for transporting and storing foodstuffs

OLIVE JAR STYLE CHANGES THROUGH TIME:

EARLY STYLE: ca. 1500-1580

MIDDLE STYLE: ca. 1580-1780

LATE STYLE: ca. 1780-1850

CHINESE EXPORT PORCELAIN

ca. 1574-1830

high-fired, vitrified (non-porous), white ceramic composed of kaolin and petuntse clays; shiny, transparent glaze with a slight blue tint; undecorated or hand painted in monochrome (cobalt blue) under the glaze; polychrome palette and gilding over the glaze

fine table/tea wares, toiletry wares

TIN-ENAMELED WARE (MAJOLICA)

1400s - present (Italy); in Spain and Mexico, from 1600

soft, buff/pale yellow to pinkish cream/red body covered with an opaque enamel on which hand-painted floral or geometric designs are painted in monochrome (cobalt blue) or polychrome

table/tea wares, ornamental pieces

GERMAN STONEWARE

(a) RHENISH (RAEREN, FRECHEN)

ca. 1550-1700

hard, non-porous, brown or grayish brown body fired at high temperatures and usually salt glazed (a high-temperature glaze formed by the addition of common salt into the kiln at its highest temperature)

kitchen/utility ware, particularly the storage of liquids

Bellarmine jugs common 1550-1625
- see example of Bellarmine jugs opposite; fragments of face masks and molded medallions from these jugs are often found in archaeological sites (see above left)

(b) WESTERWALD

ca. 1650-1775

fine, blue-gray body decorated in cobalt blue and (later) manganese purple
-sprig-molded decoration, 1650-1725
-stamped blue floral and geometric designs,
1700-1775

usually tableware (mugs, jugs), chamber pots

NORTH ITALIAN MARBLED SLIPWARE

ca. 1610-1660

white/cream marbled design slipped over a soft light red body; lead glazed on exterior

the costrel (drinking flask) form is common in this ware type; in the example shown opposite, the remains of two small loop handles molded in the shape of an animal/human mask are evident; a cord or leather thong, passed through each of these handles, allowed the vessel to be carried

continue to PERIOD III >>>>

OLIVE JAR STYLE CHANGES THROUGH TIME: EARLY STYLE: ca. 1500-1580 MIDDLE STYLE: ca. 1580-1780 LATE STYLE: ca. 1780-1850
	CHINESE EXPORT PORCELAIN ca. 1574-1830 high-fired, vitrified (non-porous), white ceramic composed of kaolin and petuntse clays; shiny, transparent glaze with a slight blue tint; undecorated or hand painted in monochrome (cobalt blue) under the glaze; polychrome palette and gilding over the glaze fine table/tea wares, toiletry wares

	TIN-ENAMELED WARE (MAJOLICA) 1400s - present (Italy); in Spain and Mexico, from 1600 soft, buff/pale yellow to pinkish cream/red body covered with an opaque enamel on which hand-painted floral or geometric designs are painted in monochrome (cobalt blue) or polychrome table/tea wares, ornamental pieces
	GERMAN STONEWARE (a) RHENISH (RAEREN, FRECHEN) ca. 1550-1700 hard, non-porous, brown or grayish brown body fired at high temperatures and usually salt glazed (a high-temperature glaze formed by the addition of common salt into the kiln at its highest temperature) kitchen/utility ware, particularly the storage of liquids Bellarmine jugs common 1550-1625 - see example of Bellarmine jugs opposite; fragments of face masks and molded medallions from these jugs are often found in archaeological sites (see above left)
	*(b) WESTERWALD* ca. 1650-1775 fine, blue-gray body decorated in cobalt blue and (later) manganese purple -sprig-molded decoration, 1650-1725 -stamped blue floral and geometric designs, 1700-1775 usually tableware (mugs, jugs), chamber pots
	NORTH ITALIAN MARBLED SLIPWARE ca. 1610-1660 white/cream marbled design slipped over a soft light red body; lead glazed on exterior the costrel (drinking flask) form is common in this ware type; in the example shown opposite, the remains of two small loop handles molded in the shape of an animal/human mask are evident; a cord or leather thong, passed through each of these handles, allowed the vessel to be carried