ANTH 613: CLASSICAL SEAFARING
Spring 2005 / Tuesday & Thursday 1:50-5:25 pm
Deborah Carlson, Ph.D., Nautical Archaeology Program
Office Hours: Tuesdays & Thursdays 1-2 and 4-5; or by appointment
Office: Anthropology 107B, tel.: 862-1208, e-mail: dnc@tamu.edu
(1) Jan 19 Introduction
(2) Jan 26 Iron Age Seafaring and Homer
(3) Feb 2 Exploration and Colonization
(4) Feb 9 Archaic Greek Seafaring and Trade
(5) Feb 16 Shipwrecks of the Western Mediterranean
(6) Feb 23 Classical Shipwrecks and the Athenian Empire
(7) Mar 2 Greek Triremes I
(8) Mar 9 Greek Triremes II
Mar 16 Spring Break
(9) Mar 23 Greek Harbors and Shipsheds
(10) Mar 30 Rhodes and Delos
(11) Apr 6 Roman Merchant Shipping I
(12) Apr 13 Roman Merchant Shipping II
(13) Apr 20 Roman Harbors
(14) Apr 27 Paper presentations, evaluations, etc.
I. Course Structure:
Our primary goal for this seminar is to explore the evidence (archaeological, iconographic, literary, and epigraphical) for seafaring in the Mediterranean from the Iron Age until the Roman Empire. Our secondary goal is to locate this evidence within a framework of broader historical subjects (trade, economy, commerce). For some of you, this course will require additional reading of a supplementary nature (see IV). Each class will begin with a general historical introduction, followed by 3-5 oral student presentations and discussion of the material presented. Everyone in class is expected to arrive prepared and participate in these discussions.
II. Course Requirements:
(i) Research Paper: A paper of approximately 20 pages based on a thoughtful, well-focused topic and including original research. The paper will follow the format of the AJA. A one-page abstract of approximately 200 words with preliminary bibliography will be due in class on March 2nd. The final paper is due by 5:00pm on May 4th.
Evidence of plagiarism will result in a failing grade. As commonly defined, plagiarism consists of passing off as one’s own the ideas, words, writings, etc., which belong to another. Plagiarism is one of the worst academic sins, for the plagiarist destroys the trust among colleagues without which research cannot be safely communicated. For more on plagiarism, academic honesty and integrity, see: http://library.tamu.edu/aggiehonor.
(ii) Presentations: Oral reports on assigned material should move from the general to the specific and may include supplementary handouts. As bibliographical references are listed in alphabetical order, it will be up to the presenter to decide how his/her material is best organized. The ability to organize and present data effectively and coherently is the key to success in delivering oral reports and writing research papers. Students are welcome to include additional sources in their presentations, but not to the exclusion of assigned bibliography.
III. System of Grading:
Final grades in this course will be calculated according to the following formula:
paper abstract (due 3/2): 20%
(6) oral presentations: 40%
research paper (due 5/4): 40%
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a federal anti-discrimination statute that provides comprehensive civil rights protection for persons with disabilities. Among other things, this legislation requires that all students with disabilities be guaranteed a learning environment that provides for reasonable accommodation of their disabilities. If you believe you have a disability requiring an accommodation, please contact the Department of Student Life, Services for Students with Disabilities in Room 126 of the Koldus Building, or call 845-1637.
Cambridge Ancient History D57 C252 1970- (Ref.)
Oxford Classical Dictionary DE5 O92 2003 (Ref.)
Paulys Real-encyclopadie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft DE5 P33 1958 (Ref.)
Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World G1033 B3 2000 (Map)
Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites DE59 P7 1976 (Ref.)
Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae DG63 L49 1993
DeGrummond, N. Encyclopedia of the history of classical archaeology DE5 E5 1996 (Ref.)
Medwid, L. The makers of classical archaeology: a reference work DE9 A1 M43 2000
Austin, M.M. and P. Vidal-Naquet. 1977. Economic and Social History of Ancient Greece. HC37 A8813 1977a
Austin, M.M. 1981. The Hellenistic World from Alexander to the Roman Conquest: A Selection of Ancient Sources in
Translation. DF235 A1 H44
Crawford, M. and D. Whitehead. 1983. Archaic and Classical Greece: A Selection of Ancient Sources in Translation.
DF12 C7 1983
Meiggs, R. and D. Lewis. 1999. A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century
B.C. CN360 S45 1988
PHI texts and TLG (Thesaurus Linguae Grecae) on CD CN360 P45 1996 (Ref.)
Tod, M. 1985. Greek historical inscriptions: from the sixth century B.C. to the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C. DF209.5 G65 1985
Biers, W. 1992. Art, Artefacts, and Chronology in Classical Archaeology. DE60 B48
Hayes, J. 1997. Handbook of Mediterranean Roman Pottery. DE61 P66 H39 1997
Illsley, J. 1996. An indexed bibliography of underwater archaeology and related topics.
Parker, A.J. 1992. Ancient shipwrecks of the Mediterranean & the Roman provinces.
Bulletin de Correspondance Hellenique (Chronique des Fouilles en Grèce) DF10 B9
Perseus Digital Library http://www.perseus.tufts.edu
The AMPHORAS Project http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/amphoras/cgi-bin/well
Greek Ministry of Culture http://www.culture.gr/2/21/toc/index.html
Athenian Agora Excavations http://www.agathe.gr/index.html
Beazley Archive http://www.beazley.ox.ac.uk
Background
SSAW 43-60, 71-6, MI 155-201.
Ahlberg, G. 1971. Fighting on Land and Sea in Greek Geometric Art. Stockholm: Swedish Institute at Athens.
Coldstream, J.N. 1968. Greek Geometric Pottery. London: Methuen.
Desborough, V. d’A. 1952. Protogeometric Pottery. Oxford: Clarendon.
Morris, I. 2000. Archaeology as cultural history: words and things in Iron Age Greece.
Malden, MA: Blackwell. Chap. 6 (pp.195-256)
Basch, L. 1969. “Phoenician Oared Ships.” MM 55:139-62, 227-45.
Basch, L. 1971. “The Ships of Luli, King of Tyre and Sidon.” MM 57:326-29.
Van Doorninck, F.H. “Protogeometric Longships and the Introduction of the Ram,” IJNA 11
(1982) 277-86.
Wallinga, H. 1995. “The Ancestry of the Trireme,” in AG, 36-44.
Kirk, G.S. “Ships on Geometric Vases,” BSA 44 (1949) 92-153.
Williams, R.T. “Early Greek Ships of Two Levels,” JHS 78 (1953) 120-30.
SSAW 217-19.
Casson, L. 1964. “Odysseus’ Boat,” AJP 85:61.
Casson, L. 1992. “Odysseus’ Boat (Od. 5.244-53),” IJNA 21:73-4.
Mark, S. 1991. “Odyssey 5.234-53 and Homeric Ship Construction: A Reappraisal,” AJA
95:441-45.
Mark, S. 1996. “Odyssey 5.234-53 and Homeric Ship Construction: A Clarification.” IJNA
25:46-8.
Background
ACG pp. 52-65
Boardman, J. 1999. The Greeks Overseas. New York: Thames and Hudson, 4th ed.
Graham, A.J. 1982. “The colonial expansion of Greece.” CAH 3:83-162.
Graham, A.J. 1990. “Pre-colonial Contacts: Questions and Problems.” In Greek Colonists
and Native Populations, edited by J.-P. Descoeudres, 45-60.
Ridgway, D. 1992. The First Western Greeks.
Starr, C.G. "The Rise of Overseas Trade," in Economic and Social Growth of Early Greece,
55-78.
Exploration
Cunliffe, B. 2001. The Extraordinary Voyage of Pytheas the Greek. New York: Walker.
Oikonomides, A.N. 1977. Hanno the Carthaginian.
Tarn, W.W. 1985. The Greeks in Bactria and India. 3rd ed. Chicago: Ares.
Casson, L. 1989. The Periplus Maris Erythraei. Princeton: Princeton UP.
Carpenter, R. 1948. “Greek Penetration of the Black Sea.” AJA 52:1-10.
Tsetskhladze, G.R. 1994. “Greek Penetration of the Black Sea.” In AGC, 111-35.
D’Agostino, B. 1990. “Relations between Campania, Southern Etruria, and the Aegean.” In
Greek Colonists and Native Populations, edited by J.-P. Descoeudres, 73-86.
Osborne, R. 1998. “Early Greek colonization? The nature of Greek settlement in the West.” In Archaic Greece: New Approaches and New Evidence, edited by N. Fisher and H. van Wees, 251-70.
Boardman, J. 1990. “Al Mina and History.” OJA 9: 169-90.
Braun, T.F.R. 1982. “The Greeks in the Near East.” CAH 3:1-31.
Graham, A.J. 1986. “The Historical Interpretation of Al Mina.” DHA 12:51-65.
Background
Cartledge, P. 2002. “The economy (economies) of ancient Greece.” In The Ancient
Economy, edited by W. Scheidel and S. von Reden, 11-32. Edinburgh: Edinburgh
UP.
Horden, P. and N. Purcell. 2000. The Corrupting Sea: A Study of Mediterranean History.
Oxford and Malden: Blackwell. Chapter 9 (pp. 342-400).
Morris, I. 1999. Foreword to Moses Finley’s The Ancient Economy, ix-xxxii. Berkeley:
University of California Press, updated 2nd ed.
Polanyi, K. 1968. “Aristotle Discovers the Economy.” In Primitive, Archaic, and Modern
Economies: Essays of Karl Polanyi, edited by G. Dalton, 78-115. Boston:
Foxhall, L. 1997. “Cargoes of the Heart’s Desire: the character of trade in the archaic Mediterranean world.” In Archaic Greece, edited by N. Fisher and H. van Wees, 295-309. London: Duckworth.
Boardman, J. 1988. “Trade in Greek Decorated Pottery.” OJA 7:27-33.
Garlan, Y. 1983. “Greek amphoras and trade.” In TAE, 27-35.
Gill, D.W.J. 1994. “Positivism, pots and long-distance trade.” In Classical Greece: ancient histories and modern archaeologies, edited by I. Morris, 99-107. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
Osborne, R. 1996. “Pots, trade, and the archaic Greek economy.” Antiquity 70.1: 31-44.
Chadwick, J. 1973. “The Berezan Lead Letter.” PCPS 199: 35-7.
Chadwick, J. 1990. “The Pech-Macho lead.” ZPE 82:161-6.
Somolinos, H.R. 1996. “The Pech-Maho lead: a new interpretation.” ZPE 111:74-8.
Beltrame, C. 1996. “Archaeological Evidence of the Foremast on Ancient Sailing Ships.”
IJNA 25: 135-39.
Dupont, P. 1998. “Archaic East Greek Trade Amphoras.” In East Greek Pottery, by R.M. Cook and P. Dupont, 142-91, 207-22. New York: Routledge.
Johnston A.W. 1985. “Etruscans in the Greek vase trade?” In CEA, 249-255.
Naso, A. 2000. “Etruscan and Italic Artefacts from the Aegean.” In Ancient Italy in its Mediterranean Setting: Studies in Honor of Ellen Macnamara, 193-207.
Panvini, R. 2001. The archaic Greek ship at Gela and preliminary exploration of a second
Greek shipwreck. Palermo: Sciascia.
Long, L., J. Miro, and G. Volpe. 1992. “Les Épaves Archaïques de la Pointe Lequin (Porquerolles, Hyères, Var).” In Marseille Grecque et la Gaule, Etudes Massaliètes 3, edited by M. Bats, G. Bertucchi, G. Conges, and H. Treziny, 199-234.
Bound, M. 1991. “The Giglio Wreck: A Wreck of the Archaic Period (c. 600 BC) off the Tuscan Island of Giglio.” Enalia Suppl. 1. Athens: Hellenic Institute of Marine Archaeology.
Pomey, P. 1995. "Les Épaves Greques et Romaines de la Place Jules-Verne à Marseille." In Comptes Rendus des Séances de l'Année 1995 (Avril-Juin), 459-484. Paris: Académie des Inscription & Belles-Lettres.
Joncheray J.-P. 1976. “L'epave grecque, ou etrusque, de Bon Porté.” Cahiers d'Archeologie
Subaquatique, 5. (Frejus)
Pomey, P. 1981. "L'Épave de Bon-Porté et les bateaux cousus de Mediterranée." MM 67: 225-243.
Background
Burke, E. 1992. “The Economy of Athens in the Classical Era: Some Adjustments to the Primitivist Model.” TAPA 122:199-226.
De Ste. Croix, G.E.M. 1954-5. “The Character of the Athenian Empire.” Historia 3:1-41.
Lawall, M.L. 1998. “Ceramics and positivism revisited: Greek transport amphoras and history.” In TTA, 75-101.
Lewis, D.M. 1987. “The Athenian Coinage Decree.” In CAAP, 53-63.
Mattingly, H.B. 1987. “The Athenian Coinage Decree and the Assertion of Empire.” In CAAP, 65-71.
Meiggs, R. 1975. The Athenian Empire. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Chaps. 2-5, 11-14.
Tsetskhladze, G. 1998. “Trade on the Black Sea in the archaic and classical periods: some observations.” In TTA, 52-74.
Alonnesos
Hadjidaki, E. 1996. “Underwater Excavations of a Late Fifth Century Merchant Ship at Alonnesos, Greece: the 1991-1993 Seasons.” BCH 120:561-93.
Tektaş Burnu
Carlson, D.N. 2003. “The Classical Greek Shipwreck at Tektaş Burnu, Turkey.” AJA
107:581-600.
Cook, J.M. 1961. “The Problem of Classical Ionia.” PCPS 187: 9-18.
Black, E., ed. 2003. The Ma’agan Mikhael Ship: The Recovery of a 2400-Year-Old
Merchantman. Haifa: University of Haifa and Israel Exploration Society.
Porticello
Eiseman, C.J. and B.S. Ridgway. 1987. The Porticello Shipwreck. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
Gill, D.W.J. 1987. “The date of the Porticello shipwreck: Some observations on the Attic bolsals.” IJNA 16:31-33.
Lawall, M. 1998a. “Bolsals, Mendean amphoras, and the date of the Porticello shipwreck.” IJNA 27: 16-23.
Swiny, H.W. and M.L. Katzev. 1973. “The Kyrenia Shipwreck: A Fourth-Century B.C.
Greek Merchant Ship.” In Marine Archaeology, ed. D. Blackman, 339-59.
Steffy, J.R. 1985. “The Kyrenia Ship: An Interim Report on its Hull Construction.” AJA 89: 71-101.
Yardeni, A. 1994. “Maritime Trade and Royal Accountancy in an Erased Customs Account from 475 B.C.E. on the Ahiqar Scroll from Elephantine.” BASOR 293:67-78.
De Souza, P. 1998. “Towards Thalassocracy? Archaic Greek naval developments.” In Archaic Greece: New Approaches and New Evidence, edited by N. Fisher and H. van Wees, 271-94.
Papalas, A. 2000. “Athenian Naval Power in the Sixth Century: The Development of a Trireme Fleet.” MM 86:387-400.
Wallinga, H.T. 1993. Ships and Sea-Power Before the Great Persian War: the Ancestry of the Ancient Trireme. Leiden: Brill.
Blackman, D. 1969. “The Athenian Navy and Allied Naval Contributions in the Pentacontetia.” GRBS 10:179-216.
Gabrielsen, V. 1994. Financing the Athenian Fleet: Public Taxation and Social Relations. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins.
Jordan, B. 1975. The Athenian Navy in the Classical Period: A Study of Athenian Naval Administration and Military Organization in the 5th and 4th c. B.C. University of California Classical Studies no. 13.
Graham, A.J. 1992. “Thucydides 7.13.2 and the Crews of Athenian Triremes.” TAPA 122: 257-70.
Mar 9 Greek Triremes II
Coates, J.F. 1995. “The Naval Architecture and Oar Systems of Ancient Galleys.” In AG,
127-41.
Morrison, J.S., J.F. Coates, and N.B. Rankov. 2000. The Athenian Trireme. Cambridge:
Cambridge UP, 2nd ed. Chaps. 8-9 (pp. 127-78).
Tilley, A.F. 1976. “Rowing the Trireme.” MM 62: 357-69.
Tilley, A.F. 1990. “Warships of the Ancient Mediterranean.” American Neptune 50:192-200.
Holladay, A.J. 1988. “Further Thoughts on Trireme Tactics.” Greece and Rome 35:149-51.
Lazenby, J.F. 1987. “The Diekplous.” Greece and Rome 37:169-85.
Strauss, B. 2000. “Democracy, Kimon, and the Evolution of Athenian Naval Tactics in the Fifth Century B.C.” In Polis & Politics: Studies in Ancient Greek History, edited by P. Flenstead-Jensen, T.H. Nielsen, and L. Rubinstein, 315-26. Copenhagen.
Whitehead, I. 1987. “The Periplous.” Greece and Rome 34:178-85.
The Olympias
Morrison, J.S., J.F. Coates, and N.B. Rankov. 2000. The Athenian Trireme. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2nd ed. Chaps. 11-13 (pp. 191-275).
Mar 23 Greek Harbors and Shipsheds
Background
SSAW 361-70.
Blackman, D. 1982. “Ancient harbours in the Mediterranean. Part I.” IJNA 11:79-104.
Hansen, M.H. 1997. “Emporion: A Study of the Use and Meaning of the Term in the Archaic and Classical Periods.” In Yet More Studies in the Ancient Greek Polis, edited by T.H. Nielsen, 83-105. Stuttgart: Verlag.
Garland, R. 1987. The Piraeus From the Fifth to the First Century B.C. Ithaca: Cornell.
Empereur, J.-Y. 1998. Alexandria Rediscovered. New York: G. Braziller.
LaRiche, W. 1996. Alexandria: the sunken city. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
Archontidou-Argyri A., A. Simossi, and J.-Y. Empereur, 1989. "The underwater excavation
at the ancient port of Thasos, Greece." IJNA 18:51-59.
Empereur J. –Y. & Simossi A., "Thasos: Le port." BCH 113.2 (1989): 734-40; 114.2
(1990): 881-87; 115.2 (1991): 712-720; 116.2 (1992): 721-26; 117.2 (1993): 647-52.
Lianos N.A., 1999. "The area of the ancient closed port of Thasos (A preliminary report).”
Tropis V: 261-72.
Blackman, D. 1987. “Triremes and Shipsheds.” Tropis II: 35-52.
Blackman, D. 1995. “Naval Installations.” In AG, 224-33.
Blackman, D. 1996. “New Evidence for Ancient Ship Dimensions.” Tropis IV: 113-25.
Mar 30 Rhodes and Delos
Background
Archibald, Z. 2001. Hellenistic economies. New York: Routledge.
Berthold, R.M. 1984. Rhodes in the Hellenistic Age. Ithaca: Cornell UP.
Gabrielsen, V. 1997. The Naval Aristocracy of Hellenistic Rhodes. Aarhus.
SSAW 97-135.
Casson, L. 1958. “Hemiolia and Triemiolia.” JHS 78:14-18.
Morrison, J.S. 1980. “Hemiolia, Tremiolia.” IJNA 9:121-26.
Morrison, J.S. 1995. “Hellenistic Oared Ships 399-31 BC.” In AG, 66-77.
Casson, L. and J.R. Steffy. 1991. The Athlit Ram. College Station: Texas A&M University
Press, Nautical Archaeology Series 3.
Murray, W.M. 1985. “The Weight of Trireme Rams and the Price of Bronze in Fourth
-Century Athens.” GRBS 26:141-50.
The Rhodian Commercial Boom (305-166 BC)
Lund, J. 1999. “Rhodian Amphorae in Rhodes and Alexandria as Evidence of Trade,” in
HR, 187-204.
Rauh, N. 1999. “Rhodes, Rome, and the Eastern Mediterranean Wine Trade 165-88 B.C.,”
In HR, 162-86.
Delos
Rauh, N. 1993. The Sacred Bonds of Commerce, Religion, Economy, and Trade Society at
Hellenistic and Roman Delos. Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben.
Reger, G. 1994. Regionalism and Change in the Economy of Independent Delos (314-167
B.C.). Berkeley: University of California.
Gassend, J.M., B. Liou, and S. Ximénès. 1984. “L’épave 2 de l’Anse des Laurons.”
Archeonautica 4: 75-105.
Hellenkemper-Salies, G., H.-H. von Prittwitz, G. and G. Bauchhenss. 1994. Das Wrack:
der antike Schiffsfund von Mahdia. Köln: Rheinland Verlag.
McCann, A.M. and J. Freed. 1994. Deep water archaeology: a late-Roman ship from
Carthage and an ancient trade route near Skerki Bank off northwest Sicily.
Pomey, P. 1982. “Le navire romain de la Madrague de Giens.” CRAI: 133-54.
Rauh, N.K. 2003. Merchants, sailors and pirates in the Roman world. Charleston, S.C.:
Tempus. Chap. 3 (pp. 93-133).
Rickman, G.E. 1980. “The Grain Trade under the Roman Empire,” in J.H. D’Arms and E.C.
Kopff, eds., The Seaborne Commerce of Ancient Rome: Studies in Archaeology and History, MAAR 36: 261-275.
D'Arms, J.H. 1981. Commerce and social standing in ancient Rome. Cambridge, Mass.:
Harvard University Press.
Peacock, D. P. S. 1986. Amphorae and the Roman economy: an introductory guide. New York: Longman.
Temin, P. 2001. A market economy in the early Roman Empire. Oxford: Oxford UP.
Ormerod, H. 1967. Piracy in the ancient world; an essay in Mediterranean history.
Chicago: Argonaut, 1st American ed. (1924).
Rauh, N.K. 2003. Merchants, sailors and pirates in the Roman world. Charleston, S.C.:
Tempus. Chap. 5 (pp. 169-201).
De Souza, P. 1999. Piracy in the Graeco-Roman World. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
Begley, V. and R. De Puma. 1991. Rome and India: the ancient sea trade. Madison, Wis.:
University of Wisconsin Press.
Miller, J.I. 1969. The spice trade of the Roman Empire: 29 B.C. to A.D. 641. Oxford:
Clarendon.
Tchernia, A. and F. De Romanis, eds. 1997. Crossings: early Mediterranean contacts with
India. New Delhi: Manohar.
Young, G.K. 2001. Rome's eastern trade: international commerce and imperial policy, 31
BC-AD 305. New York: Routledge.
Stone Carriers
Bernard, H., J.P. Bessac, P. Mardikian, and M. Feugère. 1997. “L’épave romaine de marbre de Porto Nuovo.” JRA 11: 53-81.
Beykan, M. 1988. “The Marble Architectural Elements in Export-Form from the Şile
Shipwreck.” In CM, 127-37.
Fant, C.J, ed. 1988. Ancient Marble Quarrying and Trade: Papers from a Colloquium
Held at the Annual Meeting of the Archaeological Institute of America, San
Antonio, Texas, December 1986. Oxford: BAR International Series 453.
Waelkens, M., N. Herz, and L. Moens. 1992. Ancient Stones: Quarrying, Trade, and
Provenance. Leuven: Leuven University Press.
Wurch-Kozelj, M. 1988. “Methods of Transporting Blocks in Antiquity.” In CM, 55-64.
Background
Casson, L. 1965. "Harbour and River Boats of Ancient Rome." JRS 55: 31-39.
Frank, T. 1934. “The People of Ostia,” Classical Journal 29: 481-93.
Houston, G.W. 1988. “Ports in perspective: Some Comparative Materials on Roman
Merchant Ships and Ports.” AJA 92: 553-64.
Lechtman, H.N. and L. Hobbs. 1986. "Roman Concrete and the Roman Architectural
Revolution," in W.D. Kingery, ed., High Technology Ceramics: Past Present and
Future: The Nature of Innovation and Change in Ceramic Technology (Westerville) 81-128.
Oleson, J.P. 1988. “The technology of Roman harbors,” IJNA 17: 147-57.
McCann, A.M. 1987. The Roman Port and Fishery of Cosa. Princeton: Princeton UP.
Brandon, C., S. Kemp, and M. Grove, “Pozzolana, lime, and single-mission barges,” in K.
Holum, J. Patrich, and A. Raban, eds., Caesarea Papers 2, JRA Supplement 35
(Portsmouth 1999) 169-78.
Oleson, J.P. and G. Branton. 1992. “The technology of King Herod’s Harbour,” in R.L.
Vann, ed., Caesarea Papers (Ann Arbor) 49-67.
Hurst, H.R. 1984. Excavations at Carthage 2: The Circular Harbor. Sheffield: University
of Sheffield.
Ostia and Portus
Meiggs, R. 1973. Roman Ostia. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2nd ed.
Testaguzza, O. 1970. Portus (Rome).
Rickman, G.E. “Portus in Perspective.” In 'Roman Ostia' revisited: archaeological and
historical papers in memory of Russell Meiggs, edited by A.G. Zevi and A. Claridge, 281-91. London: The British School at Rome.
Bruni, S. 2000. "The urban harbour of Pisae and the wrecks discovered at the Pisa-San
Rossore Railway Station," in S. Bruni, ed., Le navi antiche di Pisa (Florence) 21-79.
Apr 27 Paper presentations, evaluations, etc.
Abbreviations
ACG Archaic and Classical Greece: A Selection of Ancient Sources in Translation, by M. Crawford and D. Whitehead. Oxford: Cambridge University Press (1983).
AD Archaiologikon Deltion
AG The Age of the Galley: Mediterranean Oared Vessels since Pre-Classical Times, edited by R. Gardiner and J. Morrison. London: Naval Institute Press (1995).
AGC The Archaeology of Greek Colonisation, edited by G.R. Tsetskhladze and F. De Angelis. Oxford: University Committee for Archaeology Monograph 40 (1994).
AJA American Journal of Archaeology
AW Ancient World
BCH Bulletin de Correspondance Hellenique
BSA Annual of the British School at Athens
CAAP Coinage and Administration in the Athenian and Persian Empires, edited by I. Carradice. Oxford: BAR IS-343 (1987)
CAH Cambridge Ancient History
CEA Il Commercio Etrusco Arcaico, Atti dell’Incontro di Studio, 5-7 dicembre 1983. Rome: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (1985).
CM Classical Marble: Geochemistry, Technology, Trade, edited by N. Herz and M. Waelkens. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic (1988).
CRAI Comptes rendus de l’Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres
ESH Economic and Social History of Ancient Greece, by M.M. Austin and P. Vidal
Naquet. Berkeley: University of California (1977).
GI Grecs et Ibères au IV Siècle av. J.-C.: Commerce et Iconographie, edited by P.
Rouillard and M.-C. Villanueva-Puig. Paris: de Boccard (1989).
GOS Greek Oared Ships: 900-322 B.C., by J.S. Morrison and R.T. Williams. London: Cambridge University Press (1968).
GRBS Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies
GW The Greek World: Art and Civilization in Magna Graeca and Sicily. New York:
Rizzoli (1996).
HR Hellenistic Rhodes: Politics, Culture, and Society, edited by V. Gabrielsen et al.,
(1999).
IJNA International Journal of Nautical Archaeology
JHS Journal of Hellenic Studies
MI Le musée imaginaire de la marine antique, by L. Basch. Athens: Hellenic Institute
for the Preservation of Nautical Tradition (1987).
ML A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century B.C.,
edited by R. Meiggs and D. Lewis. Oxford: Clarendon Press (1999).
MM Mariner’s Mirror
OJA Oxford Journal of Archaeology
JRS Journal of Roman Studies
PCPS Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society
REG Revue des Études Grecques
SS Ships and Seamanship in the Ancient World, by L. Casson. Baltimore: Johns
Hopkins UP (1995) 2nd ed.
TAE Trade in the Ancient Economy, edited by P. Garnsey, K. Hopkins, and C.R. Whitaker.
London: Hogarth (1983).
TAPA Transactions of the American Philological Association
TTA Trade, Traders, and the Ancient City, edited by H. Parkins and C. Smith. New York:
Routledge (1998).
ZPE Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik