Books and Treatises on Shipbuilding

Anthropology 689

Spring 2007


Monday, 9:10 to 12:20 p.m.; Room ANTH105

 Dr. Filipe Vieira de Castro

Office 105A Anthropology Building, Tel. 845-6220, E-Mail: fvcastro@neo.tamu.edu

Office hours: 2-5 Wednesday or by appointment

 

In this course we will examine theoretical books of shipbuilding from the early 15th to the early 19th century.  Each three-hour meeting will encompass one oral report on the day’s theme (45 minutes), followed by three or four oral presentations and discussions of case-studies related to the day’s theme (20 minutes), and based on relevant primary material (shipwrecks or historical documents).  In addition, there will be general readings assigned to the whole class.  In order for this to work, everyone must keep up with the readings, and everyone must participate in the discussion.  The final grade is based 50% on oral reports and class participation, and 50% on a term paper.

 

 

General Readings

Concina, E., Navis. Torino: Giuglio Einaudi, 1990.

Ferreiro, L.D., Ships and Science, The Birth of Naval Architecture in the Scientific Revolution 1600-1800.  Cambridge: MIT Press, 2006.

Rieth, Eric, Le Maître-gabarit, la Tablette et le Trebuchet. Éssai sur la conception non graphique des carènes du Moyen-Âge au XXe siècle, Paris: Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques, 1996.

Steffy, J. Richard, Wooden Shipbuilding and the Interpretation of Shipwrecks, College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1994.

 

Schedule

 

Week 1: Introduction

Term paper requirements. Oral report format. Work assignments. Bibliography.

 

Week 2: Ships and Shipbuilders

Report:

1.1. Floats, rafts, dugouts, and assembled craft.  Shell and frame-based vessels.

Basch, Lucien, “Ancient wrecks and archaeology of ships”, IJNA (1972) 1.1:1-58.

Hocker, Fred, The Development of a Bottom-Based Shipbuilding Tradition in Northwestern Europe and the New World, Dissertation, Texas A&M University: 1991.

Rieth, Eric, "Construction navale à Franc-Bord en Méditerranée et Atlantique (XIVe-XVIIe siècle) et Signatures Archictecturales' Une Première Approche Archéologique",  Méditerranée Antique. Pêche, navigation, commerce, Rieth, Eric, (Ed.), Paris: CTHS 1998.

Case-studies:

1.2. Early descriptions.  What characterizes a particular vessel?

Pomey, Patrice, "Conception et Réalisation des Navires dans l'Antiquité Mediterranéenne" in Rieth, Eric, Technologies / Ideés / Pratiques: Concevoir et Construire les Navires, Érès.

1.3. Longitudinal and transversal control. Geometric algorithms.

Pomey, Patrice, "Conception et Réalisation des Navires dans l'Antiquité Mediterranéenne" in Rieth, Eric, Technologies / Ideés / Pratiques: Concevoir et Construire les Navires, Érès.

Pomey, Patrice, “Principes et méthodes de construction en architecture navale antique” in “Navires et commerces de la Méditerranée antique - Hommage à Jean Rougé”, CH (1988) 33: 397-412.

Murray, Mungo, A treatise on ship-building and navigation: in three parts, wherein the theory, practice, and application of all the necessary instruments are perspicuously handled, (2nd Ed.) London: Printed for A. Millar, 1765 :128-144.

Rieth, Eric, Le Maître-gabarit, la Tablette et le Trebuchet. Éssai sur la conception non graphique des carènes du Moyen-Âge au XXe siècle, Paris: Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques, 1996.

Sarsfield, John P.  “Master Frame and Ribbands”  in Carvel construction technique: skeleton-first, shell-first : fifth International Symposium on Boat and Ship Archaeology, Amsterdam 1988 / edited by Reinder Reinders and Kees Paul.  Oxford: Oxbow Books, 1991.

Sarsfield, John P.  “Survival of Pre-Sixteenth Century Mediterranean Lofting Techniques in Bahia, Brasil” Forth Meeting of the International Symposium on Boat and Ship Archaeology, Lisbon, 1985.

Sarsfield, John P.  “From the Brink of Extiction” Wooden Boat (1985) 66: 84-89.

Steffy, J. Richard, Wooden Shipbuilding and the Interpretation of Shipwrecks, College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1994 (Chapter 5: 128-186).

Barata, João da Gama Pimentel, Estudos de Arqueologia Naval, 2 Vols., Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional Casa da Moeda, 1989.

Oliveira, Fernando, O Liuro da Fabrica das Naos (1580), Fac-simile, transcription and translation into English, Lisboa: Academia de Marinha, 1991.

Boudriot, Jean, Expédicion de Cavalier de la Salle, La Belle, 1684.  Nice: Editions Ancre, 2001.

1.4. Oral traditions and geometric design.

Piero dell’Amico,  Construzione navale antica, Albenga: Edizioni del Delfino Moro, 2002.

 

Week 3: Architecture in the Late Middle Ages and Renaissance, theory and practice.

Report:

3.1. Medieval geometry:  monasteries, cathedrals, and palaces.  The Renaissance: theorizing, experimenting, and writing down.  Historical perspective.  Artists and Craftsmen.  Architecture as a profession.

Giorgio Vasari’s Lives of the Artists (1550): Vasari, Giorgio, Lives of seventy of the most eminent painters, sculptors and architects. New York: C. Scribner's Sons, 1896.

Leonardo’s Tratto Della Pittura: Leonardo da Vinci The art of painting. New York: Philosophical Library, 1957.

Rudolf Wittkower Architectural Principles in the Age of Humanism, New York and London: W.W.Norton, 1971

Serlio’s Five Books, (1611): Serlio, Sebastiano, The five books of architecture. New York: Dover Publications, 1982.

Vitruvius, Pollio, De Architectura. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1996-1998.

Case studies:

3.2. Villard de Honnecourt (c. 1230-5).

The sketchbook of Villard de Honnecourt / Edited by Theodore Bowie Bloomington, Indiana University; distributed by G. Wittenborn, New York, c.1959.

3.3. Alberti’s Ten Books, (c. 1480).

Alberti, Leon Battista, De re aedificatoria. On the art of building in ten books (translated by Joseph Rykwert, Neil Leach, and Robert Tavernor). Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1988.

Concina, E., Navis. Torino: Giuglio Einaudi, 1990.

Grafton, Anthony, Leon Battista Alberti: master builder of the Italian Renaissance. New York: Hill and Wang, 2000.

3.4. Palladio’s Four Books, (c. 1530).

Palladio, Andrea, The four books of architecture. (with an introduction by Adolf K. Placzek). New York: Dover Publications, 1965.

3.5. Vignola’s Canon of the Five Orders of Architecture (1572).

Vignola, An elementary treatise on architecture comprising the complete study of the five orders, with indications of their shadows and the first principles of construction / work divided into seventy-six plates drawn and arranged by Pierre Esquié (translated by William Robert Powell).  Cleveland: J. H. Jansen, 1925.

 

Week 4: Early Texts on Shipbuilding

Report:

4.1. Italy during the Renaissance.  The Mediterranean trade and the maritime republics.  Ships and shipping.  Labor organization:  Guilds, fraternities and pious associations.

Burke, Peter, The Italian Renaissance: culture and society in Italy. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1999.

Case studies:

4.2. Medieval ships – From Yassi Ada 7th century to Culip VI

Bass, George F. and van Doorninck, F. H., Yassi Ada, A seventh-century byzantine shipwreck, College Station: Texas A & M University Press, 1982.

Nieto Prieto, Javier et al., Excavacions arqueològiques subaquàtiques a Cala Culip, I., Girona: Centre d’Investigacions Arquelògiques de Girona, 1989.

4.3. Michael of Rhodes Manuscript (Libro di marineria / Fabrica di Galere)

Michael of Rhodes Website: http://web.mit.edu/dibner/#rhodes.

Anderson, R.C., “Jal’s Memoire no. 5 and the Manuscript ‘Fabrica di Galere’,” Mariner's Mirror (1945) 31:160-167.

Bellabarba, Sergio, “The square Rigged Ship of the ‘Fabrica di Galere’ Manuscript,” Mariner's Mirror (1988) 74.2:113-130.

Jal, Auguste. Archéologie Navale, Paris: Arthus Bertrand Éditeur, 1840.

Lane, Frederic, Venetian Ships and Shipbuilders of the Renaissance, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 1934, 56-57.

Lane, Frederic, “Naval Architecture about 1550,” Mariner's Mirror (1934) 20:24-49.

4.4. Timbotta’s manuscript

Anderson, R.C., “Italian Naval Architecture about 1445,” Mariner's Mirror (1925), 11:135-163.

 

Week 5: Italy

Report:

5.1. The Venetian Arsenal.

Davis, Robert C., Shipbuilders of the Venetian Arsenal: Workers and Workplace in the Preindustrial City, Baltimore: 1991.

Lane, Frederic C., Venetian Ships and Shipbuilders of the Renaissance, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1934.

Case studies:

5.2. Ragioni Antique dell’arte del mare et fabricar vasselli and Pre Teodoro de Nicolo’s Instructione sul modo di fabricare galere

Chiggiato, Alvise, "Le Ragioni antique dell'architettura navale" in Dosio, Giorgetta Bonfiglio et al., ed., Razioni antique spettanti all'arte del mare et fabriche de vasselli, Venice: 1987, lvii lxxix.

5.3. Arte de far vasselli

Lane, Frederic C., "Naval Architecture about 1550", Mariner's Mirror (1934) 20: 24-49.

Arte de far vasselli, manuscript No. 6391 in the Oesterreichische Nationalbibliothek, Vienna (copy in the library of the Nautical Archaeology Program at Texas A&M University).

5.4. Visione del Dracchio and Crescencio’s Nautica Mediterranea

Crescenzio Romano, Bartolomeo, Nautica Mediterranea, Roma: Bartolomeo Bonfadino, 1607.

Lehmann, L.Th., Baldissero Quinto Drachio. Visione del Drachio, Amsterdam, 1992.

 

 

Topic for your term paper due next week before class.

 

Week 6: Spain

Report:

6.1. Spain: from the unification to the Habsburgs.

McAlister, Lyle, Spain and Portugal in the New World 1492-1700, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1987.

Parker, Geoffrey, Philip II. Boston: Little, Brown, 1978.

Case studies:

6.2. Escalante de Mendoza, Ytinerario de navegation de los mares y tierras occidentals, 1575.

Mendoza, Juan Escalante de, Ytinerario de navegación de los mares y tierras occidentales, 1575, in Duro, Cesáreo Fernández, Disquisiciones náuticas (1880), 5 Vols., Madrid: Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval, 1996, 5:413-515.

6.3. Diego García de Palacio, Instrucción nautica para el buen uso y regimiento de las naos, su traza y govierno, 1587.

Bankston, J. Disquisiciones nauticas Bisbee, Arizona: Terrence Association, 1988 (on file in the Nautical Archaeological Program at Texas A&M University).

Duro, Cesário Fernandez, Disquisiciones nauticas (1880), 5 Vols., Madrid: Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval, 1996, Vol.5:5-36.

Palacio, Diego García de, Instrucción nauthica para el buen uso y regimiento de las naos, su traza y govierno, Mexico: Pedro de Ocharte, 1587.

6.4. Tomé Cano, Arte para fabricar, aparejar naos de guerra y merchante, 1611, and the Habsburg Ordenanzas of 1607, 1613, and 1618.

Cano, Tomé, Arte para fabricar, fortificar y apareiar naos de guerra merchante, con las reglas de arquearlas reduzido a toda cuenta y medida, y en grande utilidad de la navegación (1611) transcribed by Duro, Cesário Fernandez in Disquisiciones nauticas, 5 Vols., (1880), Madrid: Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval, 1996, 5:36-97.

6.5. D. José Antonio de Gazstañeta, Arte de fabricar reales, 1688.

Fernández Gonzalez, Francisco, Apestegui Cardenal, Cruz, and Miguélez Garcia, Fernando, Arte de fabricar reales, edición comentada del original de Don Antonio de Gastañeta Yturribalzaga. Barcelona: Lunwerg Editores, 1992.

 

Week 7: Portugal

Report:

7.1. Portugal.  The 15th century expansion into the Atlantic.  The India Route.  The Habsburg political organization.

Boyajian, James C., Portuguese Trade in Asia under the Habsburgs, 1580-1640, Baltimore and London: John Hopkins University Press, 1993.

McAlister, Lyle, Spain and Portugal in the New World 1492-1700, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1987.

 

Case studies:

7.2. Father Fernando Oliveira’s Ars nautica, c. 1570, and Livro da fabrica das naus, 1580.

Barker, Richard, Fernando Oliveira, The English Episode, 1545-47, Lisboa: Academia de Marinha, 1992.

Oliveira, O Liuro da fabrica das naos, op. cit.; and Oliveira, Fernando 1580, O Liuro da fabrica das naos. Fac-simile, transcription and translations into English and Chinese, ed. Academia de Marinha and Museu Marítimo de Macau, Macau, 1995.

Rieth, Eric, “Remarques sur une série d’illustrations de L’Ars Nautica de Fernando Oliveira”, Paris: Neptunia (1988) 169:36-43.

Mendonça, Henrique Lopes de, O Padre Fernando Oliveira e a sua Obra Náutica, Lisboa: Academia Real das Sciências, 1898.

7.3. Livro Nautico, c. 1590.

Mendonça, Henrique Lopes de, Estudos sobre Navios Portuguezes nos Séculos XV e XVI, Lisboa: Academia Real das Sciências, 1892.

7.4. João Baptista Lavanha’s Livro primeiro de arquitectura naval, c. 1610.

Lavanha, João Baptista, Livro Primeiro de Architectura Naval, Fac-simile, transcription and translation into English, Lisboa: Academia de Marinha, 1996.

7.5. Manoel Fernandez’ Livro de tracas de carpintaria, 1616.

Fernandez, Manoel, Livro de Traças de Carpintaria, 1616, Fac-simile, Lisboa: Academia de Marinha, 1989 and Livro de Traças de Carpintaria, transcription and translation into English, Lisboa: Academia de Marinha, 1995.

Phillips, Carla Rahn, “Manuel Fernandes and his 1616 ‘Livro de Tracas de Carpintaria’” The American Neptune, (2000) 60.1: 7-29.

Rieth, Eric, “À propos du terme espalhamento chez Manoel Fernandes (1616)” Neptunia (1996) 203: 33-40.

 

Abstract and bibliography of your term paper due next week before class.

 

Week 8: England

Report:

9.1. England in the 16th and 17th centuries.  Transition from shell to skeleton based shipbuilding.

Friel, Ian, The Good Ship, Avon: British Museum Press, 1995.

Rieth, Eric, “Principe de construction ‘charpente première’ et procédés de construction ‘bordé premier’ au XVIIe siècle”, Paris: Neptunia (1984) 153: 21-31.

Case studies:

9.2. Matthew Baker’s Fragments of Ancient English Shipwrightry, c. 1570.

Baker, Matthew, Fragments of Ancient English Shipwrightry, c. 1570 (microfilm in the Nautical Archaeology Program library at Texas A&M University).

Baker, Matthew, Fragments of Ancient English Shipwrightry, c. 1570 (transcription by M.S.Robinson from the N.M.M. on file in the Nautical Archaeology Program library at Texas A&M University).

Barker, Richard “Fragments from the Pepysian Library,” Revista da Universidade de Coimbra (1986) 32:161-178.

Barker, Richard “’Many may peruse us’: Ribbands, Moulds and Models in the Dockyards,” Revista da Universidade de Coimbra (1988) 34:539-559.

Glasgow, Tom “Maturing the Naval Administration,” Mariner’s Mirror (1970) 56:3-26.

9.3. John Wells, Phineas Pett, the Scott manuscript, a manuscript from c. 1600 copied by Newton, and A Treatise on Shipbuilding c. 1620.

Barker, Richard “A Manuscript on Shipbuilding, circa 1600, copied by Newton” Mariner's Mirror (1994) 80.1:16-29.

Coates, John "The Authorship of a Manuscript on Shipbuilding c. 1600-1620" Mariner's Mirror, (1981), 67.3:285-6.

Salisbury, W. and Anderson, R.C., ed., "A Treatise on Shipbuilding and A Treatise on Rigging Written about 1620-1625,” Society for Nautical Research Occasional Publications No. 6, London: Society for Nautical Research, 1958.

9.4. Edmund Bushnell’s The Complete Shipwright (1664).

Bushnell, Edmund, The compleat ship-wright microform : plainly and demonstratively teaching the proportions used by experienced ship-wrights according to their custome of building, both geometrically and arithmetically performed : to which is added, certain propositions in geometry ... : also, a way of rowing of ships by heaving at the capstane. London: Printed by W. Leybourn for George Hurlock, 1664.

9.5. Deane’s naval doctrine.

Lavery, Brian, Deane's Doctrine of naval architecture, 1670. London: Conway Maritime Press, 1981.

 

Week 9: Spring Break

 

Week 10: France

Report:

10.1. France in the 15th, 16th and 17th Centuries.  The Atlantic and the Mediterranean Worlds.

Méthivier, Hubert, Le Siècle de Louis XIV. Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1975.

Case studies:

10.2. Brest and the Album de Colbert

Album de Colbert, 1670.  Nice: Editions Omega, 1988.

10.3. The Belle case

Boudriot, Jean, Expédicion de Cavalier de la Salle, La Belle, 1684.  Nice: Editions Ancre, 2001.

10.4. Traité de Construction de Galères

Fennis, Jan, Un manuel de construction des galères, eédition annotée des manuscripts SH 132 a 134 (1691) du Service Historique de la Marine à Vincennes. Amsterdam: APA – Holland University Press, 1983.

 

Week 11: Holland

Report:

11.1.  The Netherlands in the 16th and 17th Centuries.  The North and the south. The India route.

Hoving, A., and Emke, C., The ships of Abel Tasman. Hilversum: Uitgeverij Verloren, 2000.

            Hoving, Albert, “The Fluit”  Nautical Research Journal (1997) 42.1: 24-35.

Hoving, Albert J.: Nicolaes Witsens Scheeps-Bouw-Konst open gestelt.
Uitgeverij Van Wijnen: Franeker, 1994.

Case studies:

11.2. Witsen’s Architectura navalis et regimen nauticum.

Witsen, Nicolaas,  Ofte Aaloude en hedendaagsche Scheeps-bouw en Bestier, … Beschreeven door Nicolaes Witsen. Met Previlegie tot den Jare 1700. Amsterdam: Graphic, 1972.

11.3. van Yk’s De nederlandsche scheeps-bouw-konst, 1697.

van Yk, Cornelius, De nederlandsche scheeps-bouw-konst open gestelt : vertoonende naar wat regel, of evenredenheyd ... mitsgaders masten, zeylen, ankers ... Delft : Gedrukt by Andries Voorstad ... voor Jan ten Hoorn, 1697.

11.4. The Ships of Abel Tasman.

            Hoving, Ab, The Ships of Abel Tasman, Hilversum: Verloren, 2000.

Hoving, Ab, "Seagoing Ships of the Netherlands", in Robert Gardiner ed., The Heyday of Sail: The Merchant Sailing Ship 1650-1850, London: Conway Maritime Press, 1994.

 

 

Week 12: The 18th Century: Lines Drawings and Mathematics

Report:

12.1. Ships of the line.  Lines drawings.  Shipbuilding in France, England, and Spain.

            Rossel, C.Greg, “Lofting Demystified – Part I” WoodenBoat (1993) 110:66-77.

            Rossel, C.Greg, “Lofting Demystified – Part II” WoodenBoat (1993) 111:35-46.

Case studies:

12.2. Architectura navalis mercatoria

Chapman, Fredrik Henrik,  Architectura navalis mercatoria. Magdeburg: R. Loef, 1957.

12.3. Pierre Bouguer, Duhamel du Monceau, and Leonhard Euler.

Ferreiro, L.D., Ships and Science, The Birth of Naval Architecture in the Scientific Revolution 1600-1800.  Cambridge: MIT Press, 2006.

Bouguer, Pierre, Traité du navire, de sa construction, et de ses mouvements. Paris: Jombert, 1746.

Monceau, Duhamel du, Elemens de l'architecture navale, ou Traite pratique de la construction des vaisseaux. Grenoble: Editions des 4 Seigneurs, 1970.
Murray, Mungo, A treatise on ship-building and navigation: in three parts, wherein the theory, practice, and application of all the necessary instruments are perspicuously handled, (2nd Ed.) London: Printed for A. Millar, 1765 :128-144.

 

12.4. The Shipbuilder’s Repository.

The Shipbuilder's Repository. Rotherefield, England, 1992.

12.5. Album del Marques de la Victoria,1719 to 1756.

Album del Marques de la Victoria,(1719-1756).  Barcelona: Lunweg Editores, 1995.

 

Week 13: The 19th Century: A Scientific Approach

Report:

13.1. The first American frigates.  The United States merchant fleet: from the Baltimore Clippers to the clipper ships.

Chapelle, Howard, The history of the American sailing Navy; the ships and their development.  New York: Bonanza Books, 1949.

Case studies:

13.2. Baltimore clippers.

Chapelle, Howard, The Baltimore clipper; its origin and development. Salem, Mass.: The Marine Research Society, 1930.

13.3. Clipper ships.

Crothers William L. American-Built Clipper Ship, 1850-1856. International Marine/Ragged Mountain Press, 2000.

Dunbaugh, Edwin, William H. Webb Shipbuilder. New York: Webb Institute of Naval Architecture, 1999: 3-20.

13.4. Richard McKay

McKay Richard C., The Practical Ship-Builder.  New York: One Brodway, 1940.

13.5. Fast Craft

Chapelle, Howard, The Search for Speed under Sail, 1700-1855, New York: Norton, 1967.

Rousmaniere, John, The Low Black Schooner: Yatch America, 1851-1945.  Mystic: Mystic Seaport Museum Stores, 1986.

 

Term paper due next Friday at 1:00 pm!

(Late papers will be graded for 90 points)

 

Week 14: Iron

Report:

14.1. Transition from wood to iron.

Murray, Robert, Shipbuilding in iron and wood. Steam-ships. (2nd ed.) Edinburgh: A. and C. Black, 1863 :85-112.

Case studies:

14.2. Isambard Brunel.

Griffiths, Denis, Lambert, Andrew, and Walker, Fred, Brunel’s Ships.  London: Chatham Publishing, 1999.

Vaughan, Adrian, Isambard Kingdom Brunel. London: John Murray, 1991.

14.3. Iron frames and beams.

Murray, Robert, Ship--building in iron and wood. Steam-ships. (2nd ed.) Edinburgh: A. and C. Black, 1863 :85-112.

14.4. Iron ships.

Murray, Robert, Ship--building in iron and wood. Steam-ships. (2nd ed.) Edinburgh: A. and C. Black, 1863 :85-112.

14.5. Submarines

Harris, Brayton, The Navy Times Book of Submarines. New York: Berkley Book, 2001: 51-115.

Poluhowich, John J., Argonaut : the submarine legacy of Simon Lake. College Station : Texas A&M University Press, 1999.

Willis, Richard, The Louisiana State Museum Vessel: A Historical and Archaeological Analysis of an American Civil War Submarine, Master of Arts Thesis on file at Texas A&M University, 2001.

 

Week 15: Steam

Report:

15.1. The development of steam.

Fletcher, R.A. Steam-ships: the story of their development to the present day. London : Sidgwick & Jackson, ltd., 1910.

Murray, Robert, Ship-building in iron and wood. Steam-ships. (2nd ed.) Edinburgh: A. and C. Black, 1863 : 113-149.

Case studies:

15.2. First steamers

Rumsey, James, A Short Treatise on the Application of Steam. Philadelphia: Joseph James, 1788.

15.3. Steamships in the Northeast.  Western steamboats.

Gardiner, Robert, (Ed.) The Advent of Steam: The Merchant Steamship before 1900.  London: Conway Maritime Press, Ltd, 1992.

15.4. Warships.

Gardiner, Robert, (Ed.) Steam, Steel, and Shellfire. The Steam Warship, 1815-1905.  London: Conway Maritime Press, Ltd, 1992.

15.5. American Civil War craft

Gardiner, Robert, (Ed.) Steam, Steel, and Shellfire. The Steam Warship, 1815-1905.  London: Conway Maritime Press, Ltd, 1992.

 

 

Oral Reports

Oral reports must fit exactly within the time frame established.  Images, such as slides or computer graphics' presentations are welcome.  I expect students to present a short summary in the beginning, followed by a clear and structured report, a critic analysis of the sources in which the report was based, and a conclusion.

Every oral report must be completed with a short handout.  Handouts must be useful to your colleagues.  Typically these should contain an abstract of your presentation, critical comments (when found pertinent), and a complete list of the bibliography consulted.  Timelines are welcome.  Although I consider the graphic aspect very important, I will grade specially the contents.  I don't care too much for handouts with lots of color pictures and no relevant information.

 

Term Paper

Term papers must follow the style and format of the International Journal of Nautical Archaeology and Underwater Exploration, the American Neptune, the Society for Historical Archaeology Publications Style Guide, or the Mariner's Mirror.

I strongly advise all my students to read Dr. Kevin Crisman's Guidelines for Writing Your Term Paper.

 

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