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ANTH 318

Nautical Archaeology of the Americas

Dr. Kevin Crisman

Office hours: T-Th 2-4 p.m. or by appointment
Location: ANTH 131b (inside the New World Seafaring Lab)
Email: kcrisman@tamu.edu
Phone: 979-492-0751

Course Description

ANTH 318 combines archaeological and historical sources to examine the development of shipbuilding, seafaring practices, exploration, waterborne trade and economic systems, and naval warfare in the Western Hemisphere (the Americas) from the fifteenth century to the end of the American Civil War. Particular emphasis is given to the study of shipwrecks that illuminate change and continuity in the maritime world.

Course Prerequisites

None

Course Learning Outcomes
  • Evaluate the evidence that informs our understanding of seafaring in the western hemisphere.
  • Identify the cultural phases and geographical locations relevant to maritime activity in the Americas.
  • Demonstrate knowledge of ship design, construction, propulsion, and related seafaring technologies.
  • Develop a broad understanding of the maritime and naval activities that shaped American history between 1492 and the late 19th century.
Textbook and/or Resource Materials

George F. Bass, ed. Ships and Shipwrecks of the Americas. London: Thames and Hudson, 1988 (revised 1996). The chapters in this book will provide foundational information for the principal topics presented in this course. Other short readings (magazine and journal articles, and book chapters) will be assigned by the instructor and uploaded on Canvas.

Grading Policy:
Each student’s grade will be based on the following:

  • Exams (3 total): There will be two mid-term exams (20% each or 40% of the final grade), and one final exam (worth 40% of your final grade). Exams will cover both lectures and readings. The format of the exams will include multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank, short answer, matching, and true/false questions. Some questions will be visual, based on images shown in class and posted to Canvas. The two mid-term exams will each cover material from the preceding one-third of the semester. The final exam will focus on material from the final one-third of the semester but will also include general questions on topics covered since the beginning of the semester.
  • Several short take-home fill-in-the-blank or map assignments designed to serve as study aids (10%). These will be distributed in class and uploaded on Canvas. Each is to be turned in no later than one week after the initial distribution of the assignment. These are an easy 10% toward your final grade, so do not neglect to fill them out and return them to me.
  • A short nautical archaeology slide presentation (10%). Students will choose an archaeologically investigated site (a shipwreck or maritime-related site) dating from the 15th to the 20th centuries. Look for something that interests you, but this should not be one of the sites covered in class. Prepare a six-slide PowerPoint presentation with images and text summarizing the principal features and the historical and archaeological significance of the site. The sixth and final slide should provide a bibliographical listing of the principal sources you consulted for the research. The project will be graded on the quality of the research and attention given to the assembly of the presentation.

A standard 10-point grading scale is used in ANTH 318: 90-100 = A, 80-89 = B, 70-79 = C, 60-69=D, 59 or below = F.

Examination Schedule:
  1. First Exam (20%)
  2. Second Exam (20%)
  3. Final Exam (40%)
Helpful Hints for Success in Anthropology 318
  • My lectures often provide information that is not covered in the readings. Attendance of all classes and diligent note taking are highly recommended! Do not expect to get a good grade if you do not attend the lectures and take notes.
  • If you miss a lecture, get the notes from one of your colleagues (or better yet, from several of your colleagues). If you have questions about the material after viewing their notes, please make an appointment to see me. My lecture notes are not available for copying.
  • If you are confused about the material covered in the lectures or the reading, or are concerned about your grade, please make an appointment to see me. The earlier you do this, the more likely it is that we can fix the problem before the end of the semester.
  • I am a believer in the use of some form of paper or digital ‘flash cards’ as study aids. Use a large note card or a single Word document page to summarize the important points about a particular topic, combining both your class notes and the readings. Organizing information and then writing it down is a good way to fix it in your memory.
  • Do not fail to show up for exams (I do not enjoy preparing make-up exams).
Late Work Policy

Late work is defined as the submission of work after the established due date. If assignments are turned in late without an excused absence, they will be marked down a full letter grade if turned in any time after midnight on the due date. A student who has a legitimate university-excused absence is not relieved of the responsibility of notification and documentation. Failure to notify and/or document properly may result in an unexcused absence. Falsification of documentation is a violation of the Aggie Honor Code.

Course Schedule:

(The schedule is a subject to change, revisions, and refinements which will be posted)

Week 1

Introduction to ANTH 318 

Nautical Archaeology in the Americas

Week 2

Ship Ahoy! Introduction to Ship Construction 

Introduction to Ship Rigging and Equipment

Week 3

Iberian Exploration and Shipwrecks of the Explorers 

Oily Enterprises: The Basque Whalers of Labrador

Week 4

Spain’s Maritime Empire in the New World 

Texas Death Trip I, Florida Failure: The 1554 Padre Island and 1559 Luna Expedition Wrecks

Week 5

Northern European Expansion and two Bermuda Smashups: Sea Venture and Warwick 

Texas Death Trip, Part II: LaSalle’s La Belle

Week 6

Exam #1 

Anglo-French Wars/ The Ubiquitous Bateaux 

Week 7

Radeau Land Tortoise/ the Sloop Boscawen 

Revolutionary War/Gunboat Philadelphia 

Week 8

The Pirate Blackbeard and his Ship Queen Anne’s Revenge 

American Privateer Defence and the Yorktown Transport Betsy 

Week 9 Spring Break (No Classes)
Week 10

The Anglo-American War of 1812 and the U.S.N. Lake Schooners Hamilton and Scourge 

Three U.S.N. Lake Brigs: Niagara, Jefferson, and Eagle

Week 11

Exam #2 

The Inland Waters Transportation Revolution, Part I: Canals and Canal Boats

Week 12

Sunken Teakettles: The Archaeology of Early North American Steamboats

The Western River Steamboat Heroine 

Week 13

When Horses Walked on Water: The Horse-Propelled Boat

The Golden Age of Sail: Packets, Clippers, and Whalers

Week 14

Erebus and Terror: Shipwrecks from an Arctic Disaster

The Civil War on the Rivers, Coasts, and Seas

Week 15

Union Blockaders and Confederate Blockade Runners
Iron Coffin: Hunley and Other Civil War-Era Submarines 

Final Exam