Skip to main content

ANTH 464 / 664

Cultural Heritage and Resource Management

Dr. Katie Custer Bojakowski

Office hours: By appointment
Location: ANTH 312D
Email: katie.bojakowski@tamu.edu

Course Description

“The past is a foreign country: they do things differently there.”   L.P. Hartley 

Evaluation of modern ideas about how and why archaeological, architectural, ethnographic, and natural resources should be preserved and presented to current and future societies; critical examination of the theories, methods, regulations, and ethics that guide efforts to preserve and protect cultural heritage within a context of past endeavors and future directions.

Course Prerequisites

ANTH 464: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor ANTH
664: Graduate classification

Course Learning Outcomes
At the end of the course, students will be able to:

  • Describe the laws that govern the treatment of archaeological sites, historic, and cultural resources, including Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, the Archaeological Resource Protection Act, the National American Graves Protection Act, and others.
  • Examine the methods through which archaeologists, architectural historians, and historic preservationists evaluate cultural resources for eligibility in the National Register of Historic Places.
  • Evaluate how cultural heritage preservation theories, methods, regulations, and ethics are applied to the treatment of archaeological, historic, and cultural resources.
  • Assess modern threats to cultural heritage including tourism, development, climate, and cultural and natural disasters, and the impact on current and future regulations and methods.
Textbook and/or Resource Materials
There is no textbook required for this course. All Required readings are available through the Texas A&M University library or posted in Canvas.

 

Canvas
This class will extensively use Canvas (Canvas.tamu.edu), for assignments, readings, announcements, etc. Students are responsible for all required reading, assignment guidelines, and announcements posted in Canvas. If classes need to move online, a Zoom link will be integrated into the Canvas classroom. Email messages, however, should be sent directly to Dr. Bojakowski at katie.bojakowski@tamu.edu.

 

Grading Policy:

The following assignment deadlines and grade distribution are for ALL students in the course. Graduate students have additional readings and different assignment guidelines than undergraduate students, which are clearly explained in Canvas.

Assignments and Points to Earn for Undergraduate Students in ANTH 464:

Due Date  Assignment  Points  Grade % 
WEEKLY  Perusal Readings  100 total  10% 
Week 3  Federal Regulation Modules (3 modules)  50 total  5% 
Week 5  NRHP Nomination, Part 1 (Group Project)  50 total  5% 
Week 8  NRHP Nomination, Part 2 (Group Project)  150 total  15% 
Week 10  Term Paper Prep (2 pgs.)  100  10% 
Week 15  Term Paper (6-8 pgs.)  250  25% 
Week 13  Term Paper Presentation  150  15% 
VARIES  Case Study Peer Reviews (5 total)  50 total  5% 
WEEKLY  Participation   100 total  10% 

Assignments and Points to Earn for Graduate Students in ANTH 664:

Due Date  Assignment  Points  Grade % 
WEEKLY  Perusal Readings  100 total  10% 
Week 3  Federal Regulation Modules (5 modules)  50 total  5% 
Week 5  NRHP Nomination, Part 1 (Group Project)  50   5% 
Week 8  NRHP Nomination, Part 2 (Group Project)  150    15% 
Week 8 NRHP Nomination (Group Leader)  50    5% 
Week 10  Term Paper Prep (4 pgs.)  50  5% 
Week 13  Term Paper Presentation  100  10% 
Week 15 Term Paper (10-12 pgs.)  250  25% 
VARIES  Case Study Presentations (2)  100 total  10% 
WEEKLY  Class Contribution  100 total  10% 

Grade Calculation 
ANTH 464: A=900-1000 points; B=800-899 points; C=700-799; D=600-699; F=Below 600
ANTH 664: A=900-1000 points; B=800-899 points; C=700-799; D=600-699; F=Below 600

Assignments

Perusall Readings

As a community of scholars, you will review the assigned readings together in Perusall asking questions, adding comments, additional information or insights, and providing critical feedback. This task will help you to participate effectively in our class discussion. The short reading selections are due before class starts on the date indicated on the class schedule. Specific instructions, guiding questions, and the grading rubric for Perusal readings are in Canvas. It is important you use the link from Canvas so that your work is linked back to Canvas and our grade book.

Career Skills: Reading academic resources is highly relevant in the modern workforce as it equips individuals with the ability to critically analyze and synthesize complex information, which is essential for informed decision-making. These skills also foster continuous learning and adaptability, enabling professionals to stay current with industry trends and advancements. Additionally, engaging with academic literature enhances problem-solving abilities and supports evidence-based practices, contributing to more effective and innovative solutions in the workplace.

 

Federal Regulations Modules

The Advisory Council of Historic Preservation (ACHP) promotes the preservation, enhancement, and sustainable use of the nation’s diverse historic resources, and advises the President and Congress on national historic preservation policy. The ACHP offers FREE online courses on Section 106 topics. Each course offers self-paced interactive presentations and downloadable reference documents. Courses of 30 minutes or more offer a certificate of completion and incorporate knowledge checks that let you apply your learning to case scenarios or quiz questions. You will complete each required module and submit a PDF copy of the certificate of completion.

Career Skills: This assignment is designed to build career-based skills relevant to the modern workforce. Understanding NHPA Section 106 is crucial for cultural heritage professionals as it ensures they can effectively navigate the legal requirements to protect historic properties during federal projects or those with federal funding. These certificates can be added to your CV and/or Resume.

 

Undergraduate Required Modules:

Graduate Required Modules: All the above and the following.

 

National Register Nomination Project

In this group project, students will collaboratively research and prepare a draft nomination for a property to be listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The project involves conducting research, identifying eligible properties on the location, and writing a historical narrative and statement of significance.

Career Skills: This assignment is designed to build career-based skills relevant to the modern workforce.  Understanding the NHPA and the National Register of Historic Places provides a framework for identifying and evaluating properties that are significant in American history, architecture, archaeology, and culture
It also ensures they professionals can effectively determine regulatory and compliance needs for federal projects or those with federal funding.

Graduate Student Additional Requirements:

  • Graduate students will take a leadership role in the group and will be responsible for compiling the information, creating the final draft of the nomination, seeking input from each member of their group, and communicating with the other groups.
  • Graduate students will also be responsible for producing a single document (1-2 pages) that includes the following information: What did your group do well? Were there any issues? Self-assessment score (0-100).

 

Term Paper Prep

Students will prepare and submit a 2–3-page plan for their Term Paper that includes the following: title, research objectives, annotated bibliography of a minimum of 4 sources, and style guidelines. Instructions for this assignment are posted in Canvas.

Graduate Student Additional Requirements:

  • Graduate students will prepare and submit a 3-4-page plan for their Term Paper that includes the following: title, abstract, research objectives, annotated bibliography of a minimum of 6 sources, and style guidelines.

Career Skills: Academic research skills are highly relevant in the modern workforce as they enable individuals to effectively gather, analyze, and interpret data, which is crucial for informed decision-making. These skills also enhance problem-solving abilities, allowing professionals to address complex issues with well-researched solutions.

 

Term Paper

Students will choose a cultural and/or heritage resource and an overarching theme from the two lists below and write an academic research paper. Undergraduate students will prepare and submit a term paper that is 6-8 pages in length and has a minimum of 10 scholarly resources. Instructions for the assignment are posted in Canvas.

Graduate Student Additional Requirements:

  • Graduate students will prepare and submit a term paper that is 10-12 pages in length and has a minimum of 12 scholarly resources. Graduate student term papers should reflect graduate-level critical analysis of the topic, synthesis of the data, and writing conventions.

Cultural and Heritage Resources

  1. Historic Structures (Buildings, Bridges, Ships, etc.)
  2. Archaeology Sites (underwater and terrestrial)
  3. Cultural Landscapes
  4. Ethnographic Resources
  5. Museums

Themes:

  1. Cultural Issues (e.g., conflict, development, tourism, etc.)
  2. Natural Disasters (e.g., climate change, wildfires, flooding, etc.)
  3. Regulatory Issues (e.g., adverse effects, politics and changing regulations, and ethics)
  4. Controversy Study / Ethics

Career Skills: Academic research skills are highly relevant in the modern workforce as they enable individuals to effectively gather, analyze, and interpret data, which is crucial for informed decision-making. These skills also enhance problem-solving abilities, allowing professionals to address complex issues with well-researched solutions.

 

Term Paper Presentations

Undergraduate and Graduate students will create a conference-style presentation (15-minute presentation followed by a 5-minute discussion period) based on their term paper using PowerPoint or another suitable software. Presentations will be given the last few weeks of class and must include a one-to-two-page handout for each member of the class that provides a concise summary of the research and references.

Career Skills: Public presentation skills are crucial in the modern workforce as they enable individuals to effectively convey ideas, engage audiences, and inspire action. Mastering these skills boosts confidence and enhances communication, making professionals more persuasive and impactful in their roles. Additionally, strong presentation abilities are often linked to leadership potential, as they demonstrate the capability to influence and motivate others.

 

Case Study Presentation

Graduate Students: will be assigned two topics on the first day of class. Graduate students are responsible for finding an appropriate real-world case study and creating an oral and graphic presentation (30-minute presentation followed by a 5-minute discussion period) using PowerPoint or another suitable software. Presentations will be given throughout the semester and must include a one-to-two-page handout for each member of the class that provides a concise summary of the research and references. Students will submit a PDF copy of their PowerPoint presentation and handout in Canvas.

Undergraduate Students: will be assigned a peer-review evaluation of one of the two case studies per scheduled session. The peer-review form will be provided within Canvas. Undergraduate students will be required to critically evaluate and assess the presentation as well as the topic. Instructions are provided in Canvas.

Career Skills: Public presentation skills are crucial in the modern workforce as they enable individuals to effectively convey ideas, engage audiences, and inspire action. Mastering these skills boosts confidence and enhances communication, making professionals more persuasive and impactful in their roles. Additionally, strong presentation abilities are often linked to leadership potential, as they demonstrate the capability to influence and motivate others.

 

Class Contribution (Exit Tickets)

Your participation is a critical element to the success of everyone in the class.  To promote participation in the exchange of ideas and a critical appreciation for other people’s thoughts and concepts, you will be required to submit an Exit Ticket in most of the class meetings using Poll Everywhere. Think of this as a scholarly journal entry where you are reflecting upon what we learned in class and the course topics. The writing prompt for the ET will be provided in class. ETs will be assigned a completion grade — do it and get 4 points, don’t do it, and get no points.

Career Skills: This assignment is based on the concepts of accountability and professionalism. Accountability is essential in the modern workforce as it fosters a culture of responsibility and trust, ensuring that employees meet their commitments and contribute to the organization’s success. Professionalism enhances workplace interactions by promoting respect, effective communication, and ethical behavior, which are crucial for a positive and productive work environment.

Course Schedule:

(The schedule is a subject to change, revisions, and refinements which will be posted)

Week 1 What are Cultural Resources – and Why do They Need to be Managed?

Introduction; Syllabus and Assignment Review; Case Study Sign-Up
Overview of Cultural Resource Management in the United States: Why, Who, When

Required Reading (Perusall):

  • Cultural resource laws and practice: Chapter 1 (Intro to CRM)
Week 2 Historic Preservation Principles

No Class: MLK Holiday
Secretary of Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Places and the National Register

Required Reading (Perusall):

  • Cultural resource laws and practice: Chapter 3 (National Register)
  • A Richer Heritage: Chapter 2 (The Federal Preservation Program)
Week 3 Cultural Resource Laws, Rules, and Regulations

Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act: Standard Consultation and Programmatic Agreements
Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act: When and Who to Consult

Required Reading (Perusall):

  • Cultural resource laws and practice: Chapter 4 (Section 106)

Additional Graduate Reading:

  • A Richer Heritage: Chapter 5 (Preservation Law and Public Policy)

Assignments: Federal Regulation Modules

Week 4 Archaeology (Terrestrial and Maritime)

Archaeological Laws and Regulations
Guest Lecture (TBD): Fanthorp Inn State Historic Site

Required Reading (Perusall):

  • A Richer Heritage: Chapter 8 (The Changing Role of Archaeology in Historic Preservation)

Additional Graduate Reading:

  • Zimmer, Julie Hollowell. 2003: Digging in the Dirt – Ethics and “Low-End Looting.” In Ethical Issues in Archaeology, edited by Zimmerman, Larry J., Karen D. Vitelli, and Julie Hollowell-Zimmer, pp. 45-56. Lanham, MD, AltaMira Press.
Week 5 Archaeology (Terrestrial and Maritime)

Case Studies: Challenges of Preserving and Protecting Archaeological Resources
Grad Student Presentations: Underwater and Terrestrial Archaeology Case Studies.

Required Reading (Perusall):

  • A Richer Heritage: Chapter 13 (Native Americans and Historic Preservation)

Additional Graduate Reading:

  • Bass, George F. 2003: The Ethics of Shipwreck Archaeology In Ethical Issues in Archaeology, edited by Zimmerman, Larry J., Karen D. Vitelli, and Julie Hollowell-Zimmer, pp. 57-70. Lanham, MD, AltaMira Press.

Assignments: NRHP Nomination, Part 1

Week 6 Traditional Cultural Places, Ethnographic Resources, & Intangible Cultural Heritage

Sacred Sites, Ethnographic Resources, & Collaborative Resource Management
Grad Student Presentations: TCP or Ethnographic Resources and Intangible Cultural Heritage Case Studies.
(1) Case Studies. 

Required Reading (Perusall):

  • A Richer Heritage: Chapter 14 (Folklife, Intangible Heritage, and Cultural Cooperation)

Additional Graduate Reading:

  • A Richer Heritage: Chapter 12 (Social and Ethnic Dimensions of Historic Preservation)
Week 7 Cultural Landscapes

Historic, Maritime, Cultural, and Ethnographic Designated Landscapes
Cultural Landscapes on Campus (Meet at Century Tree)

Required Reading (Perusall):

  • A Richer Heritage: Chapter 6 (Preserving Important Landscapes)

Additional Graduate Reading:

  • A Richer Heritage: Chapter 7 (The Natural Environment)
Week 8 Museums

Museums as Cultural Heritage
Grad Student Presentations: Cultural Landscape and Museum Case Studies

Required Reading (Perusall):

  • Ferrer-Yulfo, A. (2022) ‘Transforming Museum Education through Intangible Cultural Heritage’, Journal of Museum Education, 47(3), pp. 319–330.
    doi:10.1080/10598650.2022.2080966.
  • Özer Sarı, F., Nazlı M., (2018). Sustaining Cultural Heritage by Means of Museums in an EverChanging World, Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 17 (1), 1-14,
    DOI: 10.21547/jss.316178.

Assignments: NRHP Nomination, Part 2

Week 9 Spring Break No Classes
Week 10 International CHRM Case Studies

World Heritage and War: Afghanistan, Iraq, and Losing the Cradle of Civilization
Grad Student Presentations: War and Sustainable Tourism at World Heritage Sites Case Studies

Required Reading (Perusall):

  • A Richer Heritage: Chapter 11 (Historic Preservation in a Global Context)

Additional Graduate Reading:

  • Prott.L, et al, 2024: Archaeology, Cultural Heritage, and the Antiquities Trade

Assignments: Term Paper Prep

Week 11 Cultural Heritage at Risk

CHRM and Mitigating Cultural Impacts and Natural Disasters
Grad Student Presentations: Cultural Impacts and Natural Disaster Case Studies

Required Reading (Perusall):

  • A Richer Heritage: Chapter 9 (Private Sector Involvement in Historic Preservation)

Additional Graduate Reading:

  • Cassar, M. and Pender, R., 2024. The impact of climate change on cultural heritage: evidence and response. Published in the 14th Triennial Meeting the Hague Preprints. 
Week 12 CHRM Jobs and Professionalism

Working in the Field: Government Processes and Deliverables (Guest Lecture, Dr. Bojakowski)

Required Reading (Perusall):

  • Cultural resource laws and practice: Chapter 9 (CRM Jobs)
  • Altschul, J.H. and Klein, T.H. (2022) ‘Forecast for the US CRM Industry and Job Market, 2022– 2031’, Advances in Archaeological Practice, 10(4), pp. 355–370. doi:10.1017/aap.2022.18. 

Additional Graduate Reading (Perusall): Due by Class on Monday 

  • Catapoti, D., Andriopoulou, D., & Nikolaou, P. (2020). What Makes a Cultural Heritage Expert? Bridging the Gap between Higher Education and Professional Practice in Greece. Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology and Heritage Studies 8(2), 123140. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/758416. 
Week 13 Student Presentations

Term Paper Presentations (4 Students) 
Term Paper Presentations (4 Students) 
Field Trip (optional): Washington on the Brazos, 9-12pm

Assignments:
Term Paper Presentation in Canvas  

Week 14 Student Presentations

Term Paper Presentations (4 Students)
Term Paper Presentations (4 Students) 

Week 15 Student Presentations

Term Paper Presentations (4 Students) Term Paper Presentations (4 Students) 

Assignments:
Term Paper in Canvas  

Week 16 Student Presentations Student Presentations